Current and emerging biological therapies for Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps with type 2 inflammation

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), especially CRSwNP with type 2 inflammation, remains the most difficult-to-treat subtype with high prevalence worldwide. The emergence of biologics has the potential to fulfill the unmet medical needs of patients with CRSwNP driven by type 2 inflammation.Areas covered: A current review of the literature was performed to overview current and emerging biological therapies in the treatment of CRSwNP.Expert opinion: In an era of precision medicine, biologics have been given expectations to provide customized therapies to patients with CRSwNP, particularly those with refractory CRSwNP. Large clinical trials and real-world experiences are both essential for the application of biologics. Moreover, to make biological therapy more tailored to patients, an in-depth understanding of the different mechanisms of biologics, further elucidating the relationship between biologics and conventional medical and surgical treatments, and identifying predictive biomarkers warrant thorough investigations.

Automated summary

In the era of precision medicine, biologics have the potential to provide customized therapies to patients with CRSwNP, particularly those with refractory CRSwNP driven by type 2 inflammation. Large clinical trials and real-world experiences are essential for the application of biologics. In order to make biological therapy more tailored to patients, further research is needed to understand the different mechanisms of biologics, elucidate the relationship between biologics and conventional medical and surgical treatments, and identify predictive biomarkers.