Related references
Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Maria-Ioanna Stefanou et al.
Summary: This study assessed the safety of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The results showed that the proportion of MS patients experiencing relapse after vaccination was 1.9%, which was independent of the type of vaccine administered. Transient neurological worsening occurred in 4.8% of patients after vaccination. Adverse events and serious adverse events were reported in 52.8% and 0.1% of vaccinations, respectively. Overall, vaccination does not increase the risk of relapse and serious adverse events in MS patients.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Loredana Frasca et al.
Summary: Since the beginning of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has posed a global challenge and the development of vaccines has been crucial. Instead of traditional vaccines, some companies have focused on developing products that induce the host to produce the antigenic protein of SARS-CoV-2 called Spike by injecting RNA or DNA instructions. This article provides an overview of the safety profile and known adverse effects of these products in relation to their mechanism of action. The necessity of administering these products with unclear long-term effects to at-risk individuals with autoimmune conditions and to healthy individuals during the emergence of the omicron variant is debated, considering the availability of therapeutic interventions and the relatively lower aggressiveness of the new viral variants.
Review
Immunology
Maria Teresa Cencioni et al.
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disorder characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal loss. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has shown promising results in achieving long-term clinical remission in highly active MS patients by eradicating autoreactive cells and restoring immune tolerance. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind the effectiveness of HSCT and to study the reconstitution of immunological memory following the treatment. Additionally, evaluating the efficacy and safety of vaccination in HSCT-treated subjects can provide insights into immune responses and distinguish between broad immunosuppression and immune resetting.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alice Mariottini et al.
Summary: The study found that intermediate-intensity AHSCT significantly reduced neurofilament light chain concentration in aggressive MS patients, reducing axonal damage occurrence. There was no clear association between sNfL levels and treatment response, indicating sNfL's sensitivity to inflammatory activity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Madison MacDougall et al.
Summary: This review examines the literature regarding the potential links between SARS-CoV-2 infection and neuroimmune demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The authors propose a hypothesis that suggests the virus enters the central nervous system through the olfactory bulb, leading to glial inflammation, damage to oligodendrocytes, and breakdown of the blood-brain barrier. This may contribute to the exacerbation of MS symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dominika Stastna et al.
Summary: COVID-19 vaccination and infection may increase the activity of immune-mediated diseases. This study evaluated the short-term risk of relapse after COVID-19 vaccination and infection in patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. The results showed a mild increase in relapse incidence after vaccination or infection, and younger age was associated with relapse.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andres Felipe Cuspoca et al.
Summary: This study identified H. sapiens proteins that are structurally similar to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and are involved in nerve conduction. These findings are important for understanding potential neurological side effects and suggest a re-evaluation of vaccine composition.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Niklas Frahm et al.
Summary: This study analyzed vaccination reactions and MS deterioration following SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in German and UK PwMS. The results showed that female patients were more likely to experience vaccination reactions, but there were no gender differences in MS deterioration.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giacomo Boffa et al.
Summary: The study analyzed the long-term outcomes of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple sclerosis, showing that it prevents disability worsening in most patients and induces durable improvement in disability in patients with relapsing-remitting MS. The BEAM+ ATG conditioning protocol was found to be associated with a more pronounced suppression of clinical relapses and MRI inflammatory activity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anat Achiron et al.
Summary: The study shows that the COVID-19 BNT162b2 vaccine is safe for patients with MS, with no increased risk of relapse activity observed after vaccination.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Richard S. Nicholas et al.
Summary: The study found that PwMS treated with AHSCT had a MS relapse-free survival rate of 93% at 2 years and 87% at 4 years, with no new MRI lesions detected in 90% of participants at 2 years and 85% at 4 years. The progression-free survival rate of EDSS score was 75% at 2 years and 65% at 4 years. EBV reactivation and monoclonal paraproteinemia were associated with worse progression-free survival.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Mahdi Barzegar et al.
Summary: This study found that COVID-19 may increase the risk of relapse in multiple sclerosis patients, especially during specific at-risk periods.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Richard S. Nicholas et al.
Summary: The study aimed to examine outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) treated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) in a real-world setting. Results showed that survival free of MS relapses, MRI new lesions, and worsening of EDSS score were relatively high in this cohort, but with some risks.
Article
Biophysics
Basil Sharrack et al.
BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
John J. Moore et al.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2019)
