Traditional methods and biosensors for detecting disinfection by-products in water: A review

In recent years, pollution caused by disinfection by-products (DBPs) has become a global concern. Initially, there were fewer contaminants, and the mechanism of their generation was unclear; however, the number of contaminants has increased exponentially as a result of rapid industrialization and numerous economic activities (e. q., during the outbreak of COVID-19 a surge in the use of chlorinated disinfectants was observed). DBP toxicity results in various adverse health effects and organ failure in humans. In addition, it profoundly affects other forms of life, including animals, plants, and microorganisms. This review comprehensively discusses the pretreatment methods of traditional and emerging DBPs and the technologies applied for their detection. Additionally, this paper provides a detailed discussion of the principles, applicability, and characteristics of traditional large-scale instrumentation methods (such as gas/liquid/ion chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry) for detecting DBPs based on their respective detection techniques. At the same time, the design, functionality, classification, and characteristics of rapid detection technologies (such as biosensors) are also detailed and analyzed.

Automated summary

In recent years, pollution caused by disinfection by-products (DBPs) has become a global concern due to the rapid industrialization and the increased use of chlorinated disinfectants during the outbreak of COVID-19. This review comprehensively discusses the pretreatment methods and detection technologies for traditional and emerging DBPs, including the principles, applicability, and characteristics of large-scale instrumentation methods and the design, functionality, classification, and characteristics of rapid detection technologies like biosensors.