Environment factors, DNA methylation, and cancer

Today, the rapid development of science and technology and the rapid change in economy and society are changing the way of life of human beings and affecting the natural, living, working, and internal environment on which human beings depend. At the same time, the global incidence of cancer has increased significantly yearly, and cancer has become the number one killer that threatens human health. Studies have shown that diet, living habits, residential environment, mental and psychological factors, intestinal flora, genetics, social factors, and viral and non-viral infections are closely related to human cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of the environment and cancer development remain to be further explored. In recent years, DNA methylation has become a key hub and bridge for environmental and cancer research. Some environmental factors can alter the hyper/hypomethylation of human cancer suppressor gene promoters, proto-oncogene promoters, and the whole genome, causing low/high expression or gene mutation of related genes, thereby exerting oncogenic or anticancer effects. It is expected to develop early warning markers of cancer environment based on DNA methylation, thereby providing new methods for early detection of cancers, diagnosis, and targeted therapy. This review systematically expounds on the internal mechanism of environmental factors affecting cancer by changing DNA methylation, aiming to help establish the concept of cancer prevention and improve people's health.

Automated summary

The rapid development of science and technology and the changing economic and social factors are altering the way of life for humans, while also contributing to the increasing incidence of cancer worldwide. Various environmental factors, such as diet, living habits, and genetic factors, have been found to be closely related to the development of cancer in humans. DNA methylation has become a crucial link between the environment and cancer research, as it can affect the expression and mutation of genes associated with cancer. Utilizing DNA methylation as an early warning marker has the potential to revolutionize the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer.