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Elizabeth Buechler et al.
Summary: Understanding the changes in electricity consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic provides insights into society's response to shocks and extreme events. This study quantifies the changes in electricity consumption in 58 different countries/regions and examines their relationship with government restrictions, health outcomes, GDP, mobility metrics, and electricity sector characteristics. The results show that stricter government restrictions and larger decreases in mobility, particularly in the retail and recreation sectors, are closely related to decreases in electricity consumption, but these relationships are strongest during the initial phase of the pandemic. There are also indications that decreases in electricity consumption are related to pre-pandemic sensitivity to holidays, suggesting further avenues for research.
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Hongshan Ai et al.
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Yuan Su et al.
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E. Yukseltan et al.
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Le Wen et al.
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Summary: A growing number of studies have shown changes in energy demand during COVID-19. This study analyzed electricity consumption data of 35 public buildings in the Perth and Kinross Council area in Scotland to reveal the impact of restriction and easing policies on energy consumption. The results indicate that the restriction had a greater effect on electricity reduction in the first year of the pandemic, and different building types showed varying degrees of reduction in electricity consumption.
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Energy & Fuels
Annette Werth et al.
Summary: The study found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, most European countries experienced a significant decrease in electricity generation, with a notable drop in energy consumption. Additionally, there was an increase in renewable energy generation, as well as fossil gas in some countries. The European grid helped balance these changes by increasing both energy exports and imports, with some countries transitioning from net exporters to net importers.
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Summary: This study analyzed the energy consumption trends of different subsystems in the Brazilian energy system during the COVID-19 pandemic, finding a significant decrease in electricity consumption levels after the implementation of social distancing measures. The unique data presented in this study provides more accurate implications for Brazilian policy makers.
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I Santiago et al.
Summary: The lockdown measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 led to a significant decrease in electricity consumption in Spain, with changes in power demand profiles at homes, hospitals, and overall demand. Despite increased uncertainty in demand forecasts, production deviations only slightly increased thanks to a diversified generation mix, increased proportion of renewable sources, and reduced CO2 emissions.
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Construction & Building Technology
Ahmed Abdeen et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased household electricity consumption, with a portion attributed to higher temperatures and the remainder to temperature-independent loads. Post-COVID peak loads were significantly higher, and there were noticeable changes in household electricity use patterns and demand.
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Lechen Li et al.
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Peng Jiang et al.
Summary: COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant challenges to the energy industry, affecting energy demand and consumption in complex spatial and temporal ways. The additional energy consumed for COVID-19 fighting plays a crucial role in stabilizing energy demand, and there are significant regional differences in energy recovery post-pandemic. Finding and allocating energy-related emerging opportunities is a key issue to address for the future.
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Slawomir Bielecki et al.
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Summary: The COVID-19 lockdown led to changes in home occupancy and work patterns, impacting building energy consumption. During the initial lockdown period, electricity and hot water consumption patterns changed with a slight overall increase.
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Daniel Mehlig et al.
Summary: Efforts to contain the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 led to significant changes in energy demand and emissions from electricity and gas in the UK. While there were substantial emission reductions for electricity, the impact on gas demand and emissions was relatively minor. Future changes in activity may have little effect on gas demand and emissions, highlighting the need for continued decarbonization of the generation mix to further reduce emissions.
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Summary: This paper explores the impact of COVID-19 on electricity consumption behavior in low-income and ethnic minority groups, finding that the mandates of school closures and limiting business operations have opposite effects on residential and commercial electricity consumption, especially with varying increases in electricity consumption among economically disadvantaged and ethnic minority populations.
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Summary: This paper presents a systematic review analysis of fully enforced stay-at-home orders and government lockdowns, focusing on the impacts of stay-at-home living patterns on energy consumption of residential buildings. While overall electricity demand decreases during lockdowns, residential energy use has increased due to higher occupancy patterns during daytime hours. Energy efficiency and renewable energy solutions are suggested to mitigate the increase in energy demands caused by extended stay-at-home living patterns.
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Summary: The outbreak of COVID-19 has posed global challenges in energy supply and demand, leading to discussions on the potential benefits for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants. However, without promoting the use of renewable energies, there is a risk of GHG emissions returning to previous levels. Revising policies and decisions of governments and citizens is crucial in ensuring long-term reductions in energy demand and air pollutants.
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