Issue highlights—September 2023

Letter Medical Laboratory Technology

Acquired RUNX1::CBFA2T2 fusion at extramedullary relapse in a patient of PDGFRA rearranged acute myeloid leukemia post allogenic HSCT

Devasis Panda et al.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2023)

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Letter Medical Laboratory Technology

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma with isolated central nervous system relapse: A defiant disease and the role of flow cytometry in monitoring

Devasis Panda et al.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2023)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Resolving 31 colors on a standard 3-laser full spectrum flow cytometer for immune monitoring of human blood samples

Linda Hammerich et al.

Summary: The immune monitoring of patients at the single-cell level is becoming increasingly important in various diseases. Full spectrum flow cytometry is emerging as a powerful tool for immune monitoring, enabling the characterization of multiple parameters simultaneously. A carefully designed panel can be resolved on a 3-laser full spectrum cytometer without the need for custom configuration.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2023)

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Letter Medical Laboratory Technology

Acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage, not otherwise specified with FLT3-ITD mutation and a possible origin in the common lymphoid progenitor

Fernando Martin-Moro et al.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2023)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Alignment, segmentation and neighborhood analysis in cyclic immunohistochemistry data using CASSATT

Asa A. Brockman et al.

Summary: Cyclic immunohistochemistry (cycIHC) is a technique used for quantitative mapping of cells of interest. CASSATT is a user-friendly pipeline for processing and analyzing cycIHC data, providing spatial analysis and cell population identification.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2023)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Summary of validation considerations with real-life examples using both qualitative and semiquantitative flow cytometry assays

Katherine A. A. Devitt et al.

Summary: In the clinical laboratory, flow cytometry assays play a critical role in providing diagnostic and prognostic information. A validation process ensures reliable and trustworthy results for making important medical decisions. This article discusses the performance specifications and validation approach for common flow cytometry assays, including leukemia/lymphoma and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) assays.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2023)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

Flow cytometric assessment for minimal/measurable residual disease in B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in the era of immunotherapy

Xueyan Chen et al.

Summary: Minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) is the most important independent prognostic factor in B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-LL) patients. MRD monitoring has significantly improved outcomes for pediatric and adult patients. However, the impact of targeted immunotherapy on immunophenotype poses challenges for MRD detection using standard gating strategies, leading to the development of novel flow cytometric approaches for post-targeted therapy MRD monitoring.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2023)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Validation of a 12-color flow cytometry assay for acute myeloid leukemia minimal/measurable residual disease detection

Sa A. Wang et al.

Summary: Through this study, we successfully validated a 12-color AML MRD flow cytometry assay to meet stringent regulatory requirements, and tested its clinical value in 61 patients. The validation met all criteria and obtained FDA IDE approval.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2023)

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Letter Medical Laboratory Technology

CD19-negative B-cell precursors in bone marrow: A potential mimicker for CD19-negative B-lymphoblastic leukemia by flow cytometry in patients with anti-CD19 treatment

Weijie Li et al.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2023)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Routine flow cytometry approach for the evaluation of solid tumor neoplasms and immune cells in minimally invasive samples

Covadonga Quiros-Caso et al.

Summary: Multidimensional flow cytometry (MFC) combined with antibody detection technology can rapidly identify non-hematolymphoid tumor cells in clinical specimens, providing an initial direction for diagnosis. Neuroendocrine tumors have unique immunophenotypic characteristics, and principal component analysis can effectively distinguish small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) from other tumor samples. Differences exist in immune cell populations between malignant and reactive biopsies, which are dependent on the origin of the tumor cells.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

CD200 expression on Sezary cells: A valuable tool for flow cytometric assessment of peripheral blood T-cell neoplasms

Afshin Shameli et al.

Summary: CD200 is a valuable marker in the diagnosis of B-cell neoplasms, but its expression in T-cell neoplasms is limited. Our study found that CD200 is commonly expressed on circulating Sezary cells, which can potentially improve the diagnostic value of flow cytometry for assessment of T-cell neoplasms.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Adaptation of a multiple myeloma minimal residual disease multicolor flow cytometry assay for real-world practice

Annabel McMillan et al.

Summary: The study successfully adopted a multicolor flow cytometry (MCF) method for MM MRD detection, which can be stably delayed for up to 6 days, providing the possibility for wider use in smaller laboratories. The real-world study found that 17% of patients achieved MRD negativity after UK standard induction therapy.

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Circulating CD22+/CD19-/CD24-progenitors and CD22+/CD19+/CD24-mature B cells: Diagnostic pitfalls for minimal residual disease detection in B-lymphoblastic leukemia

Ting Zhou et al.

Summary: The study identified two CD22-positive non-neoplastic cell populations in peripheral blood, including a progenitor population of uncertain lineage and a mature B-cell population, mimicking B-ALL. These populations were detected in a significant percentage of B-ALL patients and had distinct antigen expression patterns, making them reliably distinguishable from B-ALL.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2022)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

New cytometry tools for immune monitoring during cancer immunotherapy

Shomyseh Sanjabi et al.

Summary: The success of cancer immunotherapy in the past decade has spurred a need to better understand the human immune system. Immune checkpoint blockade antibodies can reinvigorate T cells in cancer patients, but resistance mechanisms hinder full benefit for all patients. Early detection of biomarkers and resistance mechanisms is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2021)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Development and validation of a high-parameter mass cytometry workflow to decipher immunomodulatory changes in celiac disease

Jose Estevam et al.

Summary: The study developed and validated a mass cytometry workflow for measuring gastrointestinal trafficking peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with celiac disease, utilizing a 33-marker panel. Critical parameters evaluated during assay development phase included optimization of sample processing steps and antibody specificity. Validation included assessment of analytical parameters such as intra-assay precision and sample processing stability.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2021)

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Article Hematology