4.5 Review

Parkinson's disease - current treatment

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Review Clinical Neurology

Efficacy of short pulse and conventional deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xinyang Zou et al.

Summary: This meta-analysis investigated the effectiveness of short pulse width DBS (spDBS) versus conventional DBS (cDBS) in patients with Parkinson's disease. The results showed that spDBS was effective in expanding the therapeutic windows and had similar effects to cDBS in improving gait disorders and speech intelligibility.

NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES (2023)

Article Clinical Neurology

Levodopa Response in Patients With Early Parkinson Disease Further Observations of the LEAP Study

Henrieke L. Frequin et al.

Summary: The study found that levodopa had similar effects on bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor in patients with early Parkinson's disease. The improvements in symptoms were larger at 22 weeks compared to 4 weeks. At 80 weeks, fewer patients in the early-start group experienced motor response fluctuations.

NEUROLOGY (2023)

Article Clinical Neurology

THN 102 for Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Associated with Parkinson's Disease: A Phase 2a Trial

Jean-Christophe Corvol et al.

Summary: The study of THN102 in PD patients with EDS showed that the 200/2 dose demonstrated efficacy and good tolerability, supporting further development. On the other hand, the 200/18 dose did not show significant improvement.

MOVEMENT DISORDERS (2022)

Review Neurosciences

Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitors for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease: Past, Present, and Future

Yu-Yan Tan et al.

Summary: This review discusses the effects of MAO-B inhibitors on motor and non-motor symptoms in PD patients, their mechanism of action, and the future development of MAO-B inhibitor therapy.

JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE (2022)

Article Clinical Neurology

Long-term Effectiveness of Adjuvant Treatment With Catechol-O-Methyltransferase or Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors Compared With Dopamine Agonists Among Patients With Parkinson Disease Uncontrolled by Levodopa Therapy The PD MED Randomized Clinical Trial

Richard Gray et al.

Summary: This study compared the long-term effects of adding a dopamine agonist with adding a dopamine reuptake inhibitor (MAO-B or COMT inhibitor) on patient-rated quality of life in PD patients. Results showed that patients using MAO-B inhibitors had better quality of life compared with those using COMT inhibitors.

JAMA NEUROLOGY (2022)

Article Neurosciences

Mechanisms of motor symptom improvement by long-term Tai Chi training in Parkinson's disease patients

Gen Li et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of long-term Tai Chi training on motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) and the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that Tai Chi training improved motor function, especially gait and balance, in PD patients. The underlying mechanisms may include enhanced brain network function, reduced inflammation, improved metabolism, and decreased vulnerability to dopaminergic degeneration.

TRANSLATIONAL NEURODEGENERATION (2022)

Article Rehabilitation

Effectiveness of Wii sports- based strategy training in reducing risk of falling, falls and improving quality of life in adults with idiopathic Parkinson's disease- a randomized comparative trial

G. Alagumoorthi et al.

Summary: The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of Wii sports-based strategy training in reducing the risk of falling, number of falls, and improving quality of life in adults with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. The study found that a 12-week Wii training program can decrease the risk of falling and number of falls in Parkinson's disease patients, but did not alter their quality of life.

CLINICAL REHABILITATION (2022)

Article Clinical Neurology

Safety and efficacy of subcutaneous night-time only apomorphine infusion to treat insomnia in patients with Parkinson's disease (APOMORPHEE): a multicentre, randomised, controlled, double-blind crossover study

Valerie Cochen De Cock et al.

Summary: This study investigated the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous night-time apomorphine infusion in treating insomnia in patients with Parkinson's disease. The results showed that this treatment significantly improved sleep disturbances and had an overall good safety profile.

LANCET NEUROLOGY (2022)

Article Clinical Neurology

Safety and pharmacokinetics of multiple dosing with inhalable apomorphine (AZ-009), and its efficacy in a randomized crossover study in Parkinson's disease patients

Eva Thijssen et al.

Summary: AZ-009, a novel apomorphine formulation, is rapidly absorbed and safe for three times daily dosing, providing a faster-acting and easier to use option for Parkinson's disease patients experiencing OFF periods.

PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS (2022)

Article Neurosciences

Parkinson's Disease Drug Therapies in the Clinical Trial Pipeline: 2022 Update

Kevin McFarthing et al.

Summary: In 2021, important progress was made in the development of new drug-based therapies for Parkinson's disease, including both symptomatic treatments and disease modifying treatments. Clinical trials in this area are ongoing, with a need for increased patient involvement and collaboration to further advance therapies.

JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE (2022)

Article Sport Sciences

Dance Rhythms Improve Motor Symptoms in Individuals with Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Jessica Amaro Moratelli et al.

Summary: This study found that dance protocols involving binary and quaternary rhythms can positively influence the motor symptoms of individuals with Parkinson's disease, specifically improving balance, gait, and mobility.

JOURNAL OF DANCE MEDICINE & SCIENCE (2022)

Article Clinical Neurology

Safety and efficacy of melatonin, clonazepam, and trazodone in patients with Parkinson's disease and sleep disorders: a randomized, double-blind trial

Fatemeh Hadi et al.

Summary: This study compared the safety and efficacy of trazodone, melatonin, and clonazepam in improving sleep quality in patients with Parkinson's disease. The results showed that all three drugs were well-tolerated and effective in improving sleep quality in patients with PD.

NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES (2022)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Trial of Prasinezumab in Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease

G. Pagano et al.

Summary: The study found that prasinezumab had no meaningful effect on global or imaging measures of Parkinson's disease progression and was associated with infusion reactions.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Trial of Cinpanemab in Early Parkinson's Disease

A. E. Lang et al.

Summary: In participants with early Parkinson's disease, the effects of cinpanemab on clinical measures of disease progression and changes in DaT-SPECT imaging did not differ from those of placebo over a 52-week period.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

Article Clinical Neurology

Worldwide trends in mortality related to Parkinson's disease in the period of 1994-2019: Analysis of vital registration data from the WHO Mortality Database

Ioannis C. Lampropoulos et al.

Summary: There has been a significant increase in Parkinson's disease mortality globally, with greater increases seen in men than in women, and in older than in younger people. This study provides important insights into the trends of Parkinson's disease mortality and suggests the need for future research, healthcare planning, and provision.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY (2022)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Oral ENT-01 Targets Enteric Neurons to Treat Constipation in Parkinson Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Michael Camilleri et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of oral ENT-01 in patients with PD and constipation. The results showed that ENT-01 significantly improved constipation symptoms and had a certain improvement on dementia and psychosis symptoms.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

Article Neurosciences

Directional Leads for Deep Brain Stimulation: Technical Notes and Experiences

Patrick Fricke et al.

Summary: This study focused on the feasibility, difficulties, and complications of implanting D-leads for deep brain stimulation. It compared the surgical parameters, complications, and challenges of precise positioning between D-leads and conventional ring electrodes.

STEREOTACTIC AND FUNCTIONAL NEUROSURGERY (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

Amantadine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders

Olivier Rascol et al.

Summary: Amantadine, discovered serendipitously over 50 years ago, remains a commonly used drug by neurologists for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease with unique pharmacological actions on dopaminergic and glutamatergic pathways. Recent randomized controlled trials have supported its efficacy in treating levodopa-induced dyskinesias, but evidence for its use in other conditions is lacking. Future research should explore its role in managing motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders.

LANCET NEUROLOGY (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

ND0612 (levodopa/carbidopa for subcutaneous infusion) in patients with Parkinson's disease and motor response fluctuations: A randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 study

Nir Giladi et al.

Summary: ND0612, a continuous subcutaneous levodopa/carbidopa delivery system, was well-tolerated and resulted in reduced OFF time and decreased plasma levodopa fluctuations when used adjunctively in PD patients. Although most patients experienced infusion site nodules, they all resolved without sequelae.

PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

Dose optimization of apomorphine sublingual film for treating OFF episodes in Parkinson's disease*

C. Warren Olanow et al.

Summary: The study found that higher doses of apomorphine sublingual film than those initially perceived to provide an ON response can be tolerated and provide additional improvement in motor function in many patients.

PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

Expiratory Muscle Strength Training for Therapy of Pharyngeal Dysphagia in Parkinson's Disease

Inga Claus et al.

Summary: The 4-week expiratory muscle strength training significantly reduces pharyngeal dysphagia severity in PD patients, with a sustained effect after 3 months. The improvement is mainly achieved by enhancing swallowing efficiency. No changes in the cortical swallowing network were identified, suggesting the treatment effect is likely caused by peripheral mechanisms.

MOVEMENT DISORDERS (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

Long-term safety and efficacy of apomorphine infusion in Parkinson's disease patients with persistent motor fluctuations: Results of the open-label phase of the TOLEDO study

Regina Katzenschlager et al.

Summary: The TOLEDO study showed that apomorphine infusion is an effective and safe treatment for reducing motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease patients. Long-term use of APO led to sustained reductions in OFF time and improvements in ON time without troublesome dyskinesia, allowing for significant decreases in oral PD medication.

PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS (2021)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Parkinson's disease

Bastiaan R. Bloem et al.

Summary: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative condition with diverse causes and clinical presentations. Diagnosis is clinically based, and treatment goals vary from person to person, emphasizing the need for personalized management. Currently, there is no therapy to slow down or arrest the progression of Parkinson's disease.

LANCET (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

Cannabidiol for Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder

Carlos M. O. de Almeida et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of CBD as an alternative therapy for RBD in patients with Parkinson's disease. While CBD did not show significant differences compared to placebo for primary outcomes, there was a transient improvement in sleep satisfaction observed with a 300mg dose.

MOVEMENT DISORDERS (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

Solriamfetol for Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Parkinson's Disease: Phase 2 Proof-of-Concept Trial

Aleksandar Videnovic et al.

Summary: Solriamfetol showed good safety and tolerability in PD patients with excessive daytime sleepiness. There were no significant improvements on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, but potential benefits were suggested by the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test results.

MOVEMENT DISORDERS (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel Reduces Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease in a Randomized Trial

Eric Freire-Alvarez et al.

Summary: The study showed that LCIG significantly reduced dyskinesia compared to oral optimized medical treatment, and also demonstrated significant improvements in quality of life and activities of daily living in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease.

MOVEMENT DISORDERS (2021)

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Directional Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease: Results of an International Crossover Study With Randomized, Double-Blind Primary Endpoint

Alfons Schnitzler et al.

Summary: Published reports on deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease have been limited to small studies, but this study found that directional stimulation resulted in a wider therapeutic window compared to omnidirectional stimulation, and was preferred by both subjects and clinicians involved in the study.

NEUROMODULATION (2021)

Article Neurosciences

Short Pulse and Conventional Deep Brain Stimulation Equally Improve the Parkinsonian Gait Disorder

Aline Seger et al.

Summary: The study found that short pulse deep brain stimulation (spDBS) and conventional DBS (cDBS) are both effective in improving gait and balance in patients with Parkinson's disease, although there was no significant difference in gait velocity between the two. Additionally, patient preferences for spDBS varied.

JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE (2021)

Article Neurosciences

Efficacy of Istradefylline, an Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist, as Adjunctive Therapy to Levodopa in Parkinson's Disease: A Pooled Analysis of 8 Phase 2b/3 Trials

Robert A. Hauser et al.

Summary: Istradefylline significantly improved OFF time and ON-WoTD in patients with Parkinson's disease, and was well-tolerated in clinical studies.

JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE (2021)

Article Neurosciences

Subthalamic and pallidal deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease-meta-analysis of outcomes

M. Lenard Lachenmayer et al.

Summary: A meta-analysis of deep brain stimulation in the globus pallidus internus and subthalamic nucleus for Parkinson's disease showed that STN-DBS had superior outcomes in improving motor function and quality of life, while GPi-DBS also showed efficacy in alleviating symptoms. Further studies are needed to validate recent changes in target selection preference for elderly patients with cognitive deficits and psychiatric comorbidities.

NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE (2021)

Article Psychology, Experimental

Yoga Meditation Enhances Proprioception and Balance in Individuals Diagnosed With Parkinson's Disease

Nicholas P. Cherup et al.

Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of two proprioceptive exercise programs for Parkinson's disease patients and found that a yoga meditation program showed significant improvements in balance assessment and joint kinesthesia. This indicates that mind-body techniques like yoga may be beneficial for improving movement control and body awareness in this population.

PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS (2021)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Diagnosis and Treatment of Parkinson Disease A Review

Melissa J. Armstrong et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

Review Clinical Neurology

Pharmacodynamics, Efficacy, and Safety of IPX203 in Parkinson Disease Patients With Motor Fluctuations

Nishit B. Modi et al.

CLINICAL NEUROPHARMACOLOGY (2019)

Review Neurosciences

Management of constipation in patients with Parkinson's disease

Anna J. Pedrosa Carrasco et al.

NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE (2018)

Article Clinical Neurology

Pathological α-Synuclein in Gastrointestinal Tissues from Prodromal Parkinson Disease Patients

Morten Gersel Stokholm et al.

ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY (2016)

Article Clinical Neurology

Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel in Advanced Parkinson's Disease: Final 12-Month, Open-Label Results

Hubert H. Fernandez et al.

MOVEMENT DISORDERS (2015)

Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Sleep-related problems of Parkinson's disease

V Dhawan et al.

AGE AND AGEING (2006)