Catalytic C(sp)-H carboxylation with CO2

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the dominant greenhouse gas and the most abundant and renewable C1 resource. Therefore, the chemical fixation and conversion of CO2 to high-value chemicals and materials is an intriguing strategy towards carbon neutrality and sustainable chemical industry. The direct carboxylation of C(sp)-H bonds with CO2 has attracted great interest in the last decade as an atom-economic approach to propiolic acids, which have a wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals and advanced materials. This article provides a comprehensive review of this growing field of research. With a brief overview of non-catalytic carboxylation, the focus is on catalytic processes, which overwhelmingly involve metal cat-alysts, homogeneous or heterogeneous. The recently budding organocatalysis is also included. Critical comparisons and mechanism analyses are provided, along with personal perspectives for future studies.(c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a dominant greenhouse gas and a plentiful and renewable C1 resource. This article reviews the recent research on the chemical fixation and conversion of CO2 to high-value chemicals, with a focus on the direct carboxylation of C(sp)-H bonds. The use of metal catalysts, both homogeneous and heterogeneous, as well as the emerging field of organocatalysis, is discussed in detail.