Process synthesis for the microalgae-based bio-refineries through superstructure optimization: A systematic review

Microalgae have numerous potential advantages as feedstock in producing biofuels and other value-added end products. The variety in processing pathways for biofuel production is one of the main challenges in commer-cializing microalgae-based bio-refineries. The superstructure optimization method is a great solution to over-come this challenge and attracted much attention in the academic communities. In the present study, a systematic review of past studies has been carried out to determine the future perspective in the microalgae-based bio-refinery process synthesis area of study with an emphasis on the superstructure optimization approach. In this regard, the relevant papers published from 2011 to 2022 are taken from the literature and categorized based on different classifications such as their feedstocks and end products, mathematical model, model characteristics including uncertainty, objective function, sustainability, solution method, and economic and environmental analysis. Then, the existing research gaps in the literature have been described to specify future research directions.

Automated summary

Microalgae have potential as feedstock for biofuels and other value-added products, but the variety in processing pathways is a challenge for commercialization. The superstructure optimization method is a promising solution, and this study reviews past research and identifies future research directions in microalgae-based bio-refinery process synthesis, focusing on the superstructure optimization approach. The study categorizes relevant papers based on feedstocks, end products, mathematical models, objective functions, sustainability, solution methods, and economic and environmental analysis, and describes existing research gaps.