Journal
CEREBRAL CORTEX
Volume 33, Issue 17, Pages 9729-9740Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad239
Keywords
EEG; human; response inhibition; selective stopping; transcranial magnetic stimulation
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This study aimed to determine whether nonselective response inhibition during selective stopping is the result of a global pause process or a nonselective cancel process. In a bimanual anticipatory response inhibition paradigm, participants showed delayed responses in the non-signaled hand during selective ignore and stop trials, indicating that stopping-interference cannot solely be attributed to attentional capture. Furthermore, a stimulus-nonselective increase in frontocentral beta-bursts occurred during stop and ignore trials. These findings suggest that nonselective response inhibition primarily arises from a nonselective pause process, but does not fully explain the stopping-interference effect.
Selective response inhibition may be required when stopping a part of a multicomponent action. A persistent response delay (stopping-interference effect) indicates nonselective response inhibition during selective stopping. This study aimed to elucidate whether nonselective response inhibition is the consequence of a global pause process during attentional capture or specific to a nonselective cancel process during selective stopping. Twenty healthy human participants performed a bimanual anticipatory response inhibition paradigm with selective stop and ignore signals. Frontocentral and sensorimotor beta-bursts were recorded with electroencephalography. Corticomotor excitability and short-interval intracortical inhibition in primary motor cortex were recorded with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Behaviorally, responses in the non-signaled hand were delayed during selective ignore and stop trials. The response delay was largest during selective stop trials and indicated that stopping-interference could not be attributed entirely to attentional capture. A stimulus-nonselective increase in frontocentral beta-bursts occurred during stop and ignore trials. Sensorimotor response inhibition was reflected in maintenance of beta-bursts and short-interval intracortical inhibition relative to disinhibition observed during go trials. Response inhibition signatures were not associated with the magnitude of stopping-interference. Therefore, nonselective response inhibition during selective stopping results primarily from a nonselective pause process but does not entirely account for the stopping-interference effect.
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