IL-34: a novel differentiation for AML?

Article Hematology

Inflammation and myeloid malignancy: quenching the flame

Ryan J. Stubbins et al.

Summary: Chronic inflammation with aging, known as inflammaging, plays a significant role in the development of myeloid malignancies. Aberrant inflammatory activity affects various cells in the bone marrow, including normal blood and stromal cells, as well as leukemic cells, in distinct ways. Inflammation can selectively promote the clonal expansion of malignant cells by suppressing normal hematopoietic cells through immune-mediated mechanisms. Understanding the intrinsic and extrinsic effects of inflammation provides insights for future clinical trials.

BLOOD (2022)

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Article Immunology

IL-34 Aggravates Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head via Promoting Osteoclast Differentiation

Feng Wang et al.

Summary: IL-34 promotes osteoclast differentiation and activation, aggravating steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). IL-34 expression is up-regulated in patients with ONFH and femoral heads of ONFH mice, while IL-34 deficient mice show resistance to ONFH induction. IL-34 works in coordination with M-CSF to promote osteoclastogenesis and activates ERK, STAT3, and non-canonical NF-kappa B pathways.

IMMUNE NETWORK (2022)

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Review Oncology

Differentiation therapy for myeloid malignancies: beyond cytotoxicity

Ryan J. Stubbins et al.

Summary: Blocked cellular differentiation is a key pathological feature in myeloid malignancies, with new therapies targeting differentiation pathways showing promise in clinical practice. In addition to promoting differentiation, the impact of inflammation and aging on therapeutic outcomes is also significant in these diseases.

BLOOD CANCER JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Cell & Tissue Engineering

Low-dose IL-34 has no effect on osteoclastogenesis but promotes osteogenesis of hBMSCs partly via activation of the PI3K/AKT and ERK signaling pathways

Jianxiang Xu et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that low-dose IL-34 regulates osteogenesis of hBMSCs partly via the PIK/AKT and ERK signaling pathway and enhances fracture healing, while having no influence on either promoting or preventing osteoclastogenesis in vitro and osteoporosis in vivo.

STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY (2021)

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Review Immunology