4.8 Article

Fully integrated sample-in-answer-out platform for viral detection using digital reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (dRT-RPA)

Journal

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
Volume 237, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115487

Keywords

Isothermal amplification; Digital RPA; Viral diagnostics; Microfluidic fluid control

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A chip has been developed for automated and sensitive purification, digitalization, and detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA. The chip uses the surface charge concept of magnet bead-RNA binding to purify RNA and digitalizes the amplification mixture. It also offers a cost-effective method for fluorescent detection. This chip platform can be used for accurate and automated diagnosis of infectious diseases.
Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is one of the most promising diagnostic methods for pathogen detection, owing to the simplified isothermal amplification technique. Using one-step digital reverse transcription RPA (dRT-RPA) to detect viral RNA provides a fast diagnosis and absolute quantification. Here, we present a chip that purifies, digitalizes, and detects viral RNA of SARS-CoV-2 in a fully automated and sensitive manner. The chip purifies the RNA using the surface charge concept of magnet bead-RNA binding, then mixes the RNA with the amplification reagents, digitalizes the amplification mixture, and performs dRT-RPA. RNA-bead complex is transported among purification buffers that are separated by an oil phase. For reagent manipulation and mixing, a magnetic valve system is integrated on the chip, where an external magnet controls the reagent direction and time of addition. Besides, a novel vacuum system is suggested to drive and regulate the reagents into two fluid systems simultaneously in similar to 2 min. We also developed a cost-effective way to perform fluorescent detection for dRT-RPA on chip by using EvaGreen((R)) dye. With integrated heating and optical detection system, the on-chip dRT-RPA presents a sample-to-answer detection platform for absolute viral RNA quantitation in 37 min and a sensitivity as low as 10 RNA copies/mu L. Hence, this platform is expected to be a useful tool for accurate and automated diagnosis of infectious diseases.

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