Journal
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
Volume 163, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114762
Keywords
Autophagy; Cancer; Cancer -associated fibroblast; Cancer therapy; Tumor immune microenvironment
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Autophagy plays a role in maintaining cellular energy balance and protecting cells from stress by removing damaged components. In the tumor microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have a dual effect on tumor development, with autophagy inhibiting tumor growth in early stages but promoting it in advanced stages.
Autophagy helps maintain energy homeostasis and protect cells from stress effects by selectively removing misfolded/polyubiquitylated proteins, lipids, and damaged mitochondria. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are cellular components of tumor microenvironment (TME). Autophagy in CAFs inhibits tumor development in the early stages; however, it has a tumor-promoting effect in advanced stages. In this review, we aimed to summarize the modulators responsible for the induction of autophagy in CAFs, such as hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, mitochondrial stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. In addition, we aimed to present autophagyrelated signaling pathways in CAFs, and role of autophagy in CAF activation, tumor progression, tumor immune microenvironment. Autophagy in CAFs may be an emerging target for tumor therapy. In summary, autophagy in CAFs is regulated by a variety of modulators and can reshape tumor immune microenvironment, affecting tumor progression and treatment.
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