Methods and biomarkers for early detection, prediction, and diagnosis of colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common digestive diseases worldwide. It has steadily ascended to the top three cancers in terms of incidence and mortality. The primary cause is the inability to diagnose it at an early stage. Therefore, early detection and diagnosis are essential for colorectal cancer prevention. Although there are now various methods for CRC early detection, in addition to recent developments in surgical and multimodal therapy, the poor prognosis and late detection of CRC still remain significant. Thus, it is important to investigate novel technologies and biomarkers to improve the sensitization and specification of CRC diagnosis. Here, we present some common methods and biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis of CRC, we hope this review will encourage the adoption of screening programs and the clinical use of these potential molecules as biomarkers for CRC early detection and prognosis.

Automated summary

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become one of the top three cancers in terms of incidence and mortality worldwide. Early detection and diagnosis are crucial for CRC prevention, as the primary cause lies in the inability to diagnose it at an early stage. Despite various methods available for CRC early detection and recent developments in surgical and multimodal therapy, late detection and poor prognosis of CRC remain significant. Hence, there is a need to explore novel technologies and biomarkers to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of CRC diagnosis.