☆ 4.6 Review

Advances in screening, synthesis, modification, and biomedical applications of peptides and peptide aptamers

BIOFACTORS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Effects of site-directed mutagenesis of GLP-1 and glucagon receptors on signal transduction activated by dual and triple agonists

Sanaz Darbalaei et al.

Summary: The paradigm of one drug against multiple targets, known as unimolecular polypharmacology, has shown promising results in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity by targeting two or three specific receptors. By studying agonist efficacy and signaling patterns, this study reveals the crucial residue networks involved in agonist-mediated receptor activation, providing insights for the rational design of biased drug leads.

ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA (2023)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Aptamer and Peptide-Engineered Polydopamine Nanospheres for Target Delivery and Tumor Perfusion in Synergistic Chemo-Phototherapy of Pancreatic Cancer

Liang Liu et al.

Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer death with low survival rates. Chemotherapy is often used, but the tumor's stroma can hinder drug delivery and lead to chemoresistance. In this study, a novel approach using targeted nanoparticles loaded with chemotherapy drugs was developed for synergistic chemo-phototherapy against pancreatic cancer. The nanoparticles effectively enhanced drug delivery and killing effects.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2023)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Computer-aided design of proline-rich antimicrobial peptides based on the chemophysical properties of a peptide isolated from Olivancillaria hiatula

Edward Ntim Gasu et al.

Summary: New antimicrobial peptides were designed using the chemophysical properties of a peptide extracted from Olivancillaria hiatula and computational tools. These peptides have antibacterial and antivirulence activities and may combat infections by interfering with quorum sensing.

JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS (2023)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Identification of cancer protein biomarker based on cell specific peptide and its potential role in predicting tumor metastasis

Lin Li et al.

Summary: The identification of tumor related membrane proteins is crucial for cancer diagnosis and targeted therapy. Targeting peptides generated from library screening can recognize their targets and have potential applications in imaging detection and targeting therapy. In this study, a peptide derived from a bacteria displaying library was used to capture aldolase A as a candidate binding partner. The results showed that aldolase A on the cell membrane can inhibit tumor aggression through mediating cell metabolic pathway. This study demonstrates a promising technology for discovering new tumor biomarkers and has important scientific and clinical translation potentials.

JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS (2023)

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Article Virology

Efficient Purification of Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus by a Novel Peptide Aptamer

Georg Tscheuschner et al.

Summary: An advanced purification method for the plant virus CCMV was developed, involving precipitation with PEG 8000 and affinity extraction using a novel peptide aptamer. The protocol was validated using multiple methods and demonstrated exceptional purity. This improved method enables the large-scale production and application of plant viruses as nanotechnological platforms.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2023)

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Article Biophysics

Long-range surface plasmon aptasensor for label-free monitoring of vancomycin

Koji Toma et al.

Summary: This study developed a long-range surface plasmon (LRSP) aptasensor for label-free and real-time measurement of vancomycin (VCM). The sensor showed high selectivity for VCM and a dynamic range that covered the therapeutic range. It also demonstrated rapid response and recovery times, allowing repeated and real-time measurements.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Effects of Side Chain and Peptide Bond Modifications on the Targeting Properties of Stabilized Minigastrin Analogs

Taraneh Sadat Zavvar et al.

Summary: Different modifications were explored for the minigastrin analog DOTA-MGS5, and five new derivatives were synthesized for radiolabeling. The new derivatives showed high receptor affinity and resistance against enzymatic degradation. Among them, [In-111]In-DOTA-[(N-Me)1Nal(8)]MGS5 exhibited the most promising targeting properties.

PHARMACEUTICALS (2023)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Peptide-Based Sensing, Logic Computing, and Information Security on the Antimonene Platform

Zhen Qi Bu et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates, for the first time, the peptide-based sensing, logic computing, and information security on the antimonene platform. It utilizes the molecular recognition capability and structural diversity of peptides for various applications such as sensing, information coding, encrypting, and hiding. This research provides a basic paradigm for the construction of a molecular sensing and informatization platform and inspires the development of biopolymer-based molecular information technology.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Editorial Material Cell Biology

N-terminal acetylation regulates autophagy

Lan Jiang et al.

Summary: Posttranslational modification plays a crucial role in regulating protein functions. The functions and mechanisms of N-terminal acetylation, which occurs on the first amino acids of proteins, in the field of macroautophagy/autophagy are not well understood. Recent studies have shown that the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB is essential for autophagy and it modifies actin cytoskeleton constituent Act1 and dynamin-like GTPase Vps1, promoting the formation and fusion of autophagosomes.

AUTOPHAGY (2022)

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Article Biophysics

Development of a peptide aptamer pair-linked rapid fluorescent diagnostic system for Zika virus detection

Anh Thi Viet Nguyen et al.

Summary: A novel peptide pair-based flow immunochromatographic test strip was developed to detect Zika virus (ZIKV) with a limit of detection of 2 x 10^4 TCID50/mL, and the test could distinguish ZIKV from Dengue virus (DENV) with high stability and performance in human sera and urine. This study demonstrates the potential of using in silico modeling to develop rapid diagnostic tests for detecting ZIKV.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Intrinsic blood-brain barrier dysfunction contributes to multiple sclerosis pathogenesis

Hideaki Nishihara et al.

Summary: Nishihara et al. provide evidence for intrinsic dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in multiple sclerosis, suggesting that BBB dysfunction is not solely caused by neuroinflammation.

BRAIN (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Designing of peptide aptamer targeting the receptor-binding domain of spike protein of SARS-CoV-2: an in silico study

Arpita Devi et al.

Summary: Peptide aptamers are short synthetic peptide molecules that bind to specific target proteins with high affinity. Research is currently focused on designing peptide aptamers targeting the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, with molecular modeling and dynamic simulations used to validate their stability and binding to the virus.

MOLECULAR DIVERSITY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Side-chain modification of collagen-targeting peptide prevents dye aggregation for improved molecular imaging of arthritic joints

Megan S. Michie et al.

Summary: In this study, NIR dye-peptide conjugates were synthesized and it was found that a peptide-driven strategy can alter the aggregation states of molecular probes in aqueous solutions, leading to effective imaging of inflammatory arthritis joints. The results suggest that peptide plays a dominant role in controlling the photophysical properties of these bioconjugates.

JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Antifungal activity of an artificial peptide aptamer SNP-D4 against Fusarium oxysporum

Junjun Huang et al.

Summary: This study identified an artificial peptide aptamer called SNP-D4 that specifically inhibits Fusarium oxysporum f sp. cubense (FOC4), the pathogen responsible for banana fusarium wilt. The researchers investigated the interaction between SNP-D4 and FOC4, revealing the pathways through which SNP-D4 inhibits the growth of FOC4. This study not only contributes to understanding the pathogenic mechanism of FOC4, but also provides a potential antifungal agent for controlling banana wilt disease.

PEERJ (2022)

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Review Immunology

Protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy: effects on hormones, placenta, and decidua

Caroline E. Dunk et al.

Summary: The use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnancy is crucial for maternal health and has successfully reduced vertical transmission rates. However, reports suggest that women with HIV using ART during pregnancy may have higher rates of low birthweight and preterm births, particularly with the use of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir, which may affect placental and uteroplacental pathology.

LANCET HIV (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Drug Resistance and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Jaafar Khaled et al.

Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and deadly cancer with high drug resistance. The rapid proliferation of tumor cells and inflammatory microenvironment lead to increased protein synthesis, causing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). The three branches of the ER stress signaling pathways play a significant role in drug resistance in HCC.

CELLS (2022)

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Article Oncology

SENP3 loss promotes M2 macrophage polarization and breast cancer progression

Ming Xiao et al.

Summary: Deletion of SUMO-specific protease 3 in macrophages promotes polarization towards the M2 subtype and accelerates breast cancer malignancy. The deficiency of SENP3 leads to increased SUMOylation of Akt1, resulting in hyper-phosphorylation and activation of Akt1, thus facilitating M2 polarization and tumor progression.

MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Peptide-decorated nanocarriers penetrating the blood-brain barrier for imaging and therapy of brain diseases

Xihui Gao et al.

Summary: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) serves as a crucial physiological barrier that restricts the exchange of substances between blood and brain tissues. Peptide decorated nanocarriers have shown promise in overcoming the BBB for diagnosis and therapy of brain diseases. However, challenges related to stability, safety, and immunocompatibility need to be addressed for their clinical translation.

ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Thioester-Assisted Sortase-A-Mediated Ligation

Chong Zuo et al.

Summary: This study reports a new method for protein labeling and semi-synthesis using SrtA-mediated ligation. The method shows broad tolerance for LPxT motifs and enables efficient and irreversible connection of protein substrates.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

The dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide improves cardiovascular risk biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes: A post hoc analysis

Jonathan M. Wilson et al.

Summary: In a phase 2 trial, tirzepatide reduced HbA1c and body weight dose-dependently in patients with type 2 diabetes, and also decreased several biomarkers associated with cardiovascular risk factors, showing potential positive effects on cardiovascular health.

DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Aptamer Treatment Attenuates Collagen-Induced Arthritis

Sangita Khatri et al.

Summary: The study focuses on a novel aptamer-based candidate for the treatment of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. The candidate, a nanoparticle-formulated cyclic citrullinated peptide aptamer, reduces joint swelling and arthritis score in animal models by targeting autoantibodies and immune reactions. Treatment with aptamer nanoparticles leads to decreased levels of anticitrullinated peptide autoantibodies and increased interleukin-10 levels.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cardiovascular efficacy of liraglutide and semaglutide in individuals with diabetes and peripheral artery disease

Subodh Verma et al.

Summary: Both liraglutide and semaglutide reduce the risk and absolute risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) regardless of the presence of peripheral artery disease (PAD).

DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of novel antimicrobial peptide DP7 against the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis

Si-Jing Jiang et al.

Summary: DP7, a novel antimicrobial peptide with low cytotoxicity to mammalian cells, inhibits the growth of both planktonic and biofilm forms of P. gingivalis by destroying the bacterial membrane and reducing the expression of virulence factor genes.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Discovery of S-217622, a Noncovalent Oral SARS-CoV-2 3CLProtease Inhibitor Clinical Candidate for Treating COVID-19

Yuto Unoh et al.

Summary: S-217622 is the first oral noncovalent, nonpeptidic SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibitor clinical candidate, which could be a potential oral agent for treating COVID-19.

JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Klotho-derived peptide 6 ameliorates diabetic kidney disease by targeting Wnt/beta-catenin signaling

Xiaowen Chen et al.

Summary: The Klotho-derived peptide KP6 mimics the protective effects of Klotho in diabetic kidney disease, alleviating established proteinuria, glomerular hypertrophy, podocyte damage, glomerulosclerosis, and interstitial fibrotic lesions by blocking the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lactylation-driven METTL3-mediated RNA m6A modification promotes immunosuppression of tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells

Jia Xiong et al.

Summary: The lactylation-driven METTL3-mediated RNA m(6)A modification plays an important role in promoting the immunosuppressive capacity of tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells (TIMs).

MOLECULAR CELL (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The histone methyltransferase SUVR2 promotes DSB repair via chromatin remodeling and liquid- liquid phase separation

Qianwen Liu et al.

Summary: This study reveals that the plant-specific histone methyltransferase SUVR2 maintains the genome integrity of root tip stem cells through chromatin remodeling and liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). SUVR2 promotes chromatin compaction and protects DNA from damage through H3K9 methylation modification. Additionally, SUVR2 drives the phase separation of RAD51, facilitating error-free homologous recombination repair in stem cells.

MOLECULAR PLANT (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

OsHYPK-mediated protein N-terminal acetylation coordinates plant development and abiotic stress responses in rice

Xiaodi Gong et al.

Summary: This study identifies HYPK as a positive regulator of NatA activity in rice and demonstrates the critical role of the OsHYPK-NatA complex in coordinating plant development and stress responses.

MOLECULAR PLANT (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structure/Function Analysis of Truncated Amino-Terminal ACE2 Peptide Analogs That Bind to SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein

Robert T. Mackin et al.

Summary: This study examines the mechanisms that influence the binding between the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (SPG) and the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The researchers designed peptides that mimic key ACE2 hot spots and adopt a helical conformation, similar to ACE2's N-terminal alpha 1 helix. They found that stabilizing the helical structure and altering the charge of the peptides can improve the binding affinity to SPG. Furthermore, they observed a correlation between increased positive charge and increased virulence in viral variants. This research highlights the importance of conformation and charge in designing analogs for virus binding.

MOLECULES (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

Establishment of H3K9-methylated heterochromatin and its functions in tissue differentiation and maintenance

Jan Padeken et al.

Summary: Heterochromatin is characterized by histone H3 Lys9 methylation, which ensures transcriptional silencing of repetitive elements and genes. The methyltransferases and "readers" of H3K9me2 or H3K9me3 are highly conserved and show redundancy. Loss or mistargeting of individual H3K9 methyltransferases can lead to impaired cell differentiation, loss of tissue identity, premature aging, and/or cancer. Recent studies in mammals have shed light on the roles of H3K9-specific histone methyltransferases in transcriptional homeostasis during tissue differentiation.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Matching protein surface structural patches for high-resolution blind peptide docking

Alisa Khramushin et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Article Microbiology

Peptide Aptamer PA3 Attenuates the Viability of Aeromonas veronii by Hindering of Small Protein B-Outer Membrane Protein A Signal Pathway

Peng Liu et al.

Summary: This study reveals a new function of the small protein B (SmpB) as a transcription factor regulating the expression of outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene in Aeromonas veronii. SmpB binds to specific regions of the ompA promoter and specific amino acid sites in SmpB are crucial for this interaction. Furthermore, a peptide aptamer was identified, which effectively inhibited the growth of A. veronii.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Predictive value of the TyG index and rheumatoid factor for cardiovascular disease risk in a rheumatoid arthritis population: data from a survey of 418 patients

Zihan Wang et al.

Summary: This study found that the TyG index and rheumatoid factor have a certain correlation and potential predictive value in determining the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The predictive efficacy is better when the two tests are combined.

LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Transposase N-terminal phosphorylation and asymmetric transposon ends inhibit piggyBac transposition in mammalian cells

Wentian Luo et al.

Summary: This study reveals the regulation and structural features of the piggyBac transposon system in mammalian cells using biochemical and cell-based assays, AlphaFold modeling, and protein redesign. The study demonstrates that phosphorylation of the transposase N-terminus and the need for asymmetric transposon ends negatively regulate piggyBac transposition. These findings expand the potential use of piggyBac transposase for genomic applications.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Impacts of a Zwitterionic Peptide on its Fusion Protein

Patrick McMullen et al.

Summary: Modifying therapeutic proteins with high-molecular-weight molecules like EKP can improve their pharmacokinetic properties. However, it is important to assess the impact of EKP on structural behavior and receptor binding of the modified protein. Through yeast display and computational modeling, this study shows that EKP does not hinder receptor binding or alter the structural behavior of GCSF. Moreover, the EKP-GCSF fusion protein demonstrates improved pharmacokinetics and prolonged bioactivity in vivo.

BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A peptide aptamer based electrochemical amperometric sensor for sensitive L-glutamate detection

Wenjing Wang et al.

Summary: An enzyme-free amperometric biosensor based on a peptide was developed for specific detection of L-glutamate. The biosensor showed excellent sensitivity and specificity, making it suitable for measuring L-Glu in serum samples.

BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Liquid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (LPPS): A Third Wave for the Preparation of Peptides

Anamika Sharma et al.

Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of liquid-phase peptide synthesis (LPPS) as the third wave for peptide synthesis, discussing its principles, advantages, and various tags and methods associated with LPPS.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Single-Step N-Terminal Modification of Proteins via a Bio-Inspired Copper(II)-Mediated Aldol Reaction

Kengo Hanaya et al.

Summary: The chemical modification of proteins is an effective technique for manipulating protein properties and functions. This paper proposes a simple method using a copper(II)-mediated aldol reaction to selectively modify the N-terminus of peptides and proteins.

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Biology

In silico SELEX screening and statistical analysis of newly designed 5mer peptide-aptamers as Bcl-xl inhibitors using the Taguchi method

Alireza Poustforoosh et al.

Summary: This study employs computational methods to design and evaluate a potential cancer treatment drug that can bind to Bcl-xl protein to inhibit its activity. Through computer simulations and molecular docking techniques, researchers identified a set of optimized peptides and found that they exhibited strong binding affinity to Bcl-xl. Further molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the designed peptides had significant interactions with Bcl-xl. This study demonstrates the potential of the designed peptide as an inhibitor of Bcl-xl and a candidate for cancer treatment.

COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Microbiology

Next-generation sequencing of a combinatorial peptide phage library screened against ubiquitin identifies peptide aptamers that can inhibit the in vitro ubiquitin transfer cascade

Malgorzata Lisowska et al.

Summary: The identification of peptide sequences using next-generation sequencing technology from protein libraries provides a potential tool for studying protein-protein interactions in enzymatic reactions. These peptide sequences can be used as chemical tools to inhibit specific protein targets in complex multi-enzyme reactions.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Methionine-associated peptide α-amidation is directed both to the N- and the C-terminal amino acids

Johann Sajapin et al.

Summary: Peptide-bound methionine can catalyze the decomposition and alpha-amidation of peptides. Peptides containing methionine are more susceptible to alpha-amidation, and C-terminus-directed alpha-amidation was observed for the first time.

JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE SCIENCE (2022)

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Review Microbiology

Expanding the chemical diversity of M13 bacteriophage

Grace L. L. Allen et al.

Summary: This article reviews how bioconjugation and the incorporation of ncAAs during translation have expanded the chemistry of peptides and proteins displayed by M13 virions for a variety of purposes.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Microbiology

Optimization of Antibacterial Activity in Tibetan Swine α-Helix Peptide TP by Site-Directed Mutagenesis

Guoyu Li et al.

Summary: This study investigates the effect of systematic mutations in the hydrogen bond formation site of an alpha-helical antimicrobial peptide on its activity and cell selectivity. The optimized peptide showed excellent antibacterial ability and selectivity, and significantly reduced bacterial loads in vivo. These findings contribute to the design and optimization of highly active and low-toxicity antimicrobial peptides.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Microbiology

Neutralization mechanism of a human antibody with pan-coronavirus reactivity including SARS-CoV-2

Xiaoyu Sun et al.

Summary: The antibody 76E1 isolated from a COVID-19 convalescent patient shows broad range neutralizing activity against multiple coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 variants. It targets a unique epitope within the spike protein, blocking viral entry and providing cross-protection in both prophylactic and therapeutic animal models.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Oncology

Proteases and HPV-Induced Carcinogenesis

Gabriel Viliod Vieira et al.

Summary: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a common sexually transmitted disease worldwide. While most infections do not lead to cancer, some HPV types are linked to cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers. The role of proteases in HPV-induced carcinogenesis is emphasized in this review, along with recent epidemiological data.

CANCERS (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Enhanced Label-Free Nanoplasmonic Cytokine Detection in SARS-CoV-2 Induced Inflammation Using Rationally Designed Peptide Aptamer

Jiacheng He et al.

Summary: This study presents a highly sensitive localized surface plasmon resonance imaging (LSPRi) immunoassay for label-free Interleukin 6 (IL-6) detection, achieving enhanced detection of serum IL-6, validated in vitro and in COVID-19 patients.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Designer bacterial cell factories for improved production of commercially valuable non-ribosomal peptides

Sayak Mitra et al.

Summary: Non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) are secondary metabolites with high commercial importance. However, the low synthesis yield by bacteria and losses during purification hinder their industrial-scale production. This review discusses strategies for enhancing NRP yield, including isolation of efficient producer strains, optimization of bioprocesses, and the use of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology techniques to redirect metabolic network fluxes. The review also provides insights into the regulation of NRP biosynthesis and highlights the potential of computational techniques in designing cellular factories for NRP production.

BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Oncology

Carboxypeptidase E and its splice variants: Key regulators of growth and metastasis in multiple cancer types

Sangeetha Hareendran et al.

Summary: This article reviews the role of the CPE gene in driving tumor growth, survival, and metastasis in different types of cancer. It discusses the mechanisms of action of CPE and its splice variant, CPE-AN, in promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Clinical studies suggest that CPE and CPE-AN may serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for multiple cancer types, and delivering CPE/CPE-AN siRNA via exosomes could be a novel therapeutic approach to suppress tumor growth and metastasis.

CANCER LETTERS (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Antifungal activity of montmorillonite/peptide aptamer nanocomposite against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on Stylosanthes

Zhenfei Xu et al.

Summary: Utilizing nanocomposite to release peptide aptamer for inhibiting anthracnose on Stylosanthes caused by pathogenic fungi demonstrates a versatile and environmentally-friendly approach for developing antifungal agents.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The E3 ligase adapter cereblon targets the C-terminal cyclic imide degron

Saki Ichikawa et al.

Summary: This study identifies C-terminal cyclic imides as physiological degrons for the ubiquitin E3 ligase substrate adapter cereblon (CRBN). The addition of these degrons induces CRBN-dependent ubiquitination and degradation of proteins. This discovery has significant implications for understanding the physiological and therapeutic engagement of CRBN.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

High-efficiency recombinant protein purification using mCherry and YFP nanobody affinity matrices

Anh T. Q. Cong et al.

Summary: This article introduces a series of anti-GFP and anti-mCherry nanobody affinity matrices and analyzes their application in purifying GFP/YFP or mCherry fusion proteins, while determining the molecular basis of their binding to target proteins through X-ray crystallography. Ultimately, the utility of the mCherry-tag system in purifying recombinant human topoisomerase 2 alpha protein was experimentally validated.

PROTEIN SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The protein arginine methyltransferase PRMT9 attenuates MAVS activation through arginine methylation

Xuemei Bai et al.

Summary: This study discovered that PRMT9 directly targets MAVS and methylates it, inhibiting the aggregation and autoactivation of MAVS. This provides an explanation for the regulatory mechanism of MAVS in maintaining innate immune homeostasis.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

MutDock: A computational docking approach for fixed-backbone protein scaffold design

Varun M. Chauhan et al.

Summary: This study presents a novel computational approach called MutDock for simultaneously docking and mutating fixed backbone protein scaffolds to bind a target epitope. By introducing surface amino acid mutations on a fixed backbone structure, the chances of finding superior starting poses and improving interactions are increased. Docking two scaffolds, Affibodies and DARPins, with ten randomly selected antigens using MutDock resulted in higher binding energies compared to ZDOCK and HADDOCK docking poses.

FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Role of m6A modification in female infertility and reproductive system diseases

Jinyu Chen et al.

Summary: This review examines the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in reproductive processes and discusses its changes in female reproductive system diseases. It highlights the potential of m6A and its protein machineries as markers and targets for diagnosing and treating female reproductive dysfunction.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Protein engineering of a stable and potent anti-inflammatory IL-37-Fc fusion with enhanced therapeutic potential

Alexander Bujotzek et al.

Summary: This article presents the engineering of the unstable cytokine IL-37 into an anti-inflammatory molecule with excellent therapeutic properties. The use of site-directed mutagenesis, the addition of a non-native disulfide bond, and the engineering of IL-37 as an Fc-fusion protein overcame its poor pharmacokinetic and manufacturing profile. These findings provide a platform for preclinical testing of IL-37 Fc-fusion proteins and can be applied to convert similar short-acting cytokines into therapeutics.

CELL CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Challenges in the use of sortase and other peptide ligases for site-specific protein modification

Holly E. Morgan et al.

Summary: Site-specific protein modification is a widely-used biochemical tool, but there are challenges in its development. This review focuses on the engineering of peptide ligases and their substrates to address these challenges, and explores techniques to improve reaction efficiency and expand substrate scope.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Unearthing the unique stability of thiophosphonium-C-terminal cysteine adducts on peptides and proteins

Richard J. Spears et al.

Summary: In this study, we report a significant discovery regarding the use of tris(dialkylamino)phosphine reagents in peptide and protein modification. We found that C-terminal thiophosphonium species can be selectively and rapidly generated from their disulfide counterparts, with unique stability. In contrast, internal thiophosphonium species degrade quickly. We demonstrated this chemoselectivity on a model peptide and an antibody fragment, and characterized the species in various small molecule/peptide studies.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

N-Terminal Modifications of Ubiquitin via Methionine Excision, Deamination, and Arginylation Expand the Ubiquitin Code

Kha The Nguyen et al.

Summary: Ubiquitin can undergo N-terminal modifications, including N-terminal methionine excision, N-terminal deamination, and N-terminal arginylation. N-terminal arginylation of ubiquitin and its conjugated proteins are upregulated during the stationary-growth phase or under oxidative stress. This discovery expands the complexity of the ubiquitin code.

MOLECULES AND CELLS (2022)

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Review Oncology

DNMT1: A key drug target in triple-negative breast cancer

Kah Keng Wong

Summary: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, with DNMT1 playing a crucial role in promoting tumorigenesis through multiple mechanisms. DNMT1 inhibitors show promise in targeting TNBC cells and sensitizing patients to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. This highlights the potential of DNMT1 as a therapeutic target for TNBC, aiming to disrupt its metastatic and aggressive phenotypes.

SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

The DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A contributes to autophagy long-term memory

Patricia Gonzalez-Rodriguez et al.

Summary: Autophagy is a catabolic pathway that maintains cellular homeostasis and can be stimulated under cellular stress. The persistent downregulation of MAP1LC3 expression upon autophagy induction indicates an epigenetic memory of autophagy, offering insights into its long-term effects.

AUTOPHAGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

In silico molecular docking in DNA aptamer development

Tholasi Nadhan Navien et al.

Summary: Aptamers, generated by SELEX, are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides with binding affinity and specificity against target molecules. DNA aptamers are more stable and commonly used in diagnostics. The use of in silico molecular docking approaches alongside in vitro SELEX procedures for DNA aptamer development is increasing, aiming to streamline the process.

BIOCHIMIE (2021)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Computer-aided prediction and design of IL-6 inducing peptides: IL-6 plays a crucial role in COVID-19

Anjali Dhall et al.

Summary: IL-6 plays a crucial role in the progression of COVID-19, and a method for predicting IL-6 inducing peptides has been developed using machine learning techniques. By identifying IL-6 inducing peptides in different proteins of SARS-CoV-2, the study offers new insights for designing vaccines against COVID-19.

BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Phosphorylation by Aurora B kinase regulates caspase-2 activity and function

Yoon Lim et al.

Summary: Mitotic catastrophe is an important mechanism for inhibiting cancer by eliminating cells with abnormal chromosome content. This study found that phosphorylation of Caspase-2 at the S384 residue by the mitotic kinase AURKB blocks its catalytic activity and apoptosis function in response to mitotic insults, potentially affecting substrate binding. This suggests that AURKB-mediated phosphorylation of Caspase-2 at S384 is a key mechanism controlling its activation during mitosis.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Aptamer-Peptide Conjugates as Targeted Chemosensitizers for Breast Cancer Treatment

Yan Tan et al.

Summary: The study discusses the design and development of anti-MUC1 aptamer-peptide conjugates as targeted chemosensitizers to overcome issues related to high levels of HSP70 in tumors. This innovative conjugate not only enhances the sensitivity of DOX-resistant cells but also alleviates DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, highlighting the success of this targeted chemosensitizer strategy.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

In vitro display evolution of the PURE system-expressed TNFα-binding unnatural cyclic peptide containing an N-methyl-D-amino acid

Keita Tsukamoto et al.

Summary: In this study, a novel TNF alpha-binding thioether-cyclized peptide was identified through in vitro selection, with the potential to increase proteolytic stability and be utilized in therapeutic, research, and diagnostic applications.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Disease

Pia R. Kamstrup

Summary: This review article presents evidence from large genetic epidemiologic studies supporting a causal role of high lipoprotein(a) concentrations in cardiovascular disease, and discusses measurements of lipoprotein(a) and potential treatment options. Further research is needed to confirm causality and evaluate the clinical benefits of lowering therapies.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Synthesis of New Cyclopeptide Analogues of the Miuraenamides

Sarah Kappler et al.

Summary: Cyclic peptides and depsipeptides, such as jasplakinolide, have interesting biological activities and are promising candidates for drug development due to their high cytotoxicity towards cancer cell lines.

CURRENT ORGANIC SYNTHESIS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Circ0008399 Interaction with WTAP Promotes Assembly and Activity of the m6A Methyltransferase Complex and Promotes Cisplatin Resistance in Bladder Cancer

Wenjie Wei et al.

CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Iterative Structure-Based Optimization of Short Peptides Targeting the Bacterial Sliding Clamp

Clement Monsarrat et al.

Summary: A study was conducted on a series of peptides interacting with the Escherichia coli SC binding pocket, showing improved affinity through various modifications. X-ray structure analysis revealed new peptide-protein interactions that explained the enhanced binding mechanism.

JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Strategy for Treatment of Infected Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Mayland Chang et al.

Summary: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are chronic wounds that affect 30% of diabetic patients, with dysregulation of the normal wound healing process. Infection in DFUs increases inflammation and delays wound healing. Selective inhibition of MMP-9 may be a promising strategy for treatment of DFUs.

ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

An electrochemical impedimetric sensing platform based on a peptide aptamer identified by high-throughput molecular docking for sensitive L-arginine detection

Yumin He et al.

Summary: Peptide aptamers that specifically interact with L-Arg were identified, and a label-free electrochemical impedimetric biosensor for detecting L-Arg was successfully constructed. The biosensor showed good sensitivity and a low limit of detection, with satisfactory results in interference studies and serum sample assays.

BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Blood-brain barrier opening with focused ultrasound in Parkinson's disease dementia

Carmen Gasca-Salas et al.

Summary: MRgFUS-BBB opening in PDD is safe, reversible, and can be performed repeatedly. This study provides encouragement for the concept of BBB opening for drug delivery to treat dementia in PD and other neurodegenerative disorders.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Chromatin remodeling by the histone methyltransferase EZH2 drives lung pre-malignancy and is a target for cancer prevention

Carmen S. Tellez et al.

Summary: The trimethylation of lysine 27 and dimethylation of lysine 9 of histone-H3 catalyzed by EZH2 and G9a play a critical role in premalignancy and have the potential as a target for chemoprevention of lung carcinogenesis. By studying pre-malignancy models and mouse lung tumor models, targeting EZH2 has been shown to play an important role in transformation and progression of lung cancer.

CLINICAL EPIGENETICS (2021)

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Article Immunology

C-Terminal Amination of a Cationic Anti-Inflammatory Peptide Improves Bioavailability and Inhibitory Activity Against LPS-Induced Inflammation

Lulu Zhang et al.

Summary: A novel hybrid anti-inflammatory peptide CTP was designed, and its C-terminal amine modification CTP-NH2 showed enhanced anti-inflammatory activity and lower cytotoxicity, suggesting its potential as a new anti-inflammatory drug. The successful modification provides a design strategy to improve cellular uptake and anti-inflammatory activity of peptide agents.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology

Aptamer-SH2 superbinder-based targeted therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

An-Dong Liu et al.

Summary: The XQ-2d-SH2 CM-(Arg)9 conjugate shows potent efficacy in treating PDAC by blocking pY-related signaling pathways, inhibiting proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells, and eliminating the dense stroma of tumors.

CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Function and molecular mechanism of N-terminal acetylation in autophagy

Tianyun Shen et al.

Summary: The study found that Nat3 plays a crucial role in autophagy by regulating multiple steps in the process through N-terminal acetylation of proteins like Act1 and Vps1, promoting the transport of Atg9 vesicles and the formation of autophagosomes.

CELL REPORTS (2021)

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Review Biochemical Research Methods

Multi-omics approaches for revealing the complexity of cardiovascular disease

Stephen Doran et al.

Summary: The development and progression of cardiovascular disease is mainly attributed to factors such as atherosclerosis, thrombosis, cardiac remodelling, and gut microbiota. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms and utilizing systems biology approaches are crucial in identifying novel drug targets and biomarkers for CVD treatment strategies. Recent advances in gut microbiota research have shed light on the impact of diet and microbial composition on CVD development.

BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Neutrophil elastase selectively kills cancer cells and attenuates tumorigenesis

Chang Cui et al.

Summary: Human neutrophils release ELANE, which can selectively kill a variety of cancer cells, potentially serving as a broad anti-cancer therapy. ELANE liberates the CD95 death domain through a specific mechanism to selectively eradicate cancer cells without significant toxicity to non-cancer cells.

CELL (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 methylates and stabilizes KLF5 via decreasing its phosphorylation and ubiquitination to promote basal-like breast cancer

Xinye Wang et al.

Summary: The study reveals that PRMT5 methylates KLF5 at the R57 site to prevent its phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation, thereby promoting proliferation and stem cell maintenance in BLBC cells. The findings suggest that PRMT5 could be a potential therapeutic target for BLBC.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

N-terminal acetylation of antimicrobial peptide L163 improves its stability against protease degradation

Dandan Li et al.

Summary: This study investigated the stability, antimicrobial activity, and biosafety of computationally designed antimicrobial peptide L163 and its analogs. Results showed that N-terminal acetylation enhanced stability and antimicrobial activity, while Phe substitution for Leu and S-S cyclization decreased these properties. Ultimately, N-terminally acetylated L163 (L163-Ac) was identified as the best candidate with enhanced antibacterial activity and tolerance to various conditions.

JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Genetic Code Expansion: Inception, Development, Commercialization

Miglena Manandhar et al.

Summary: Almost all natural proteins consist of only 20 amino acids, but the ability to encode other amino acids opens up the possibility of producing proteins with novel functions, including more optimal therapeutic proteins. The field of genetic code expansion is moving towards commercialization for the production of improved protein therapeutics through academic and industrial progress.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Assembling Peptide Dendron Nanoparticles with High Stability and a Multimodal Antimicrobial Mechanism of Action

Zhenheng Lai et al.

Summary: Peptide dendron nanoparticles have shown promising antimicrobial activity against various bacteria, with C-16-3RP nanoparticle being the most active and biocompatible. These nanoparticles demonstrate excellent stability under physiological conditions and effectively treat acute peritonitis in mice. Through a series of analyses, it was revealed that C-16-3RP nanoparticles kill Gram-negative bacteria by disrupting their membranes, inhibiting ribosome biogenesis, and affecting energy generation.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Tumor cell membrane-based peptide delivery system targeting the tumor microenvironment for cancer immunotherapy and diagnosis

Xiangzhou Meng et al.

Summary: A multifunctional delivery system (SPIO NP@M) was developed for delivering therapeutic peptides into the tumor microenvironment effectively. The system aggregated at tumor sites for imaging, extended peptide half-life, and inhibited tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo, making it a promising platform for tumor diagnosis and treatment.

ACTA BIOMATERIALIA (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA)-Guided Peptide Engineering of an Aptamer Sensor for Protease-Triggered Molecular Imaging

Zhichu Xiang et al.

Summary: The study introduces a protease-activatable aptamer system for molecular sensing and imaging in a tumor-specific manner. By utilizing a PNA-peptide-PNA triblock copolymer to lock the structure-switching activity of the aptamer, protease-mediated cleavage of the peptide substrate can reduce binding affinity and recover the biosensing function. This work demonstrates the potential of bridging the gap between functional DNA and peptides for precise biomedical applications.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

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Article Oncology

The loss of RNA N6-adenosine methyltransferase Mettl14 in tumor-associated macrophages promotes CD8+ T cell dysfunction and tumor growth

Lihui Dong et al.

Summary: The study reveals that the m(6)A methyltransferase Mettl14 in TAMs plays a role in modulating the function of CD8(+) T cells by regulating C1q(+) TAMs, ultimately affecting tumor progression.

CANCER CELL (2021)

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Dark and bright side of targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 in the liver

Raffaella Maria Gadaleta et al.

Summary: FGFR4 and its ligand FGF19 play crucial roles in cellular processes, including the development of liver tumors. FGFR4 inhibitors are a promising treatment option for HCC, while using FGF19 analogues to activate FGFR4-KLOTHO represents a novel therapeutic strategy for other liver diseases.

JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Insulin resistance, cardiovascular stiffening and cardiovascular disease

Michael A. Hill et al.

Summary: Insulin resistance is typically accompanied by metabolic insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease, including the correlation of reduced nitric oxide production leading to increased blood flow. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia promote cardiovascular diseases by increasing vascular stiffness.

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold

John Jumper et al.

Summary: Proteins are essential for life, and accurate prediction of their structures is a crucial research problem. Current experimental methods are time-consuming, highlighting the need for accurate computational approaches to address the gap in structural coverage. Despite recent progress, existing methods fall short of atomic accuracy in protein structure prediction.

NATURE (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A comprehensive review of m6A/m6Am RNA methyltransferase structures

Stephanie Oerum et al.

Summary: Gene expression is regulated through various levels, including chemical modifications on RNA during or after transcription. One such modification is N6-methylation, which affects the structure, stability, degradation, and cellular interactions of the modified RNA, with dysregulation linked to multiple human cancers.RNA methyltransferases are the enzymes responsible for these modifications, and structural characterization of these enzymes is critical for understanding their functions.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A synthetic peptide AWRK6 ameliorates metabolic associated fatty liver disease: involvement of lipid and glucose homeostasis

Lili Jin et al.

Summary: AWRK6, a synthetic peptide developed based on antimicrobial peptide, showed potential as a novel GLP-1 receptor agonist in treating metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The peptide ameliorates MAFLD by improving lipid and glucose metabolism homeostasis, mediated by the PI3K/AKT/AMPK/ACC signaling pathway, which offers promising prospects for preventing the disease.

PEPTIDES (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

SREBP1 site 1 protease inhibitor PF-429242 suppresses renal cell carcinoma cell growth

Tong-bing Wang et al.

Summary: The inhibitor PF-429242 targeting S1P showed potent inhibition of RCC cell growth both in vitro and in vivo, inducing apoptosis in the cells. Silencing or knockout of S1P had similar inhibitory effects, while overexpression of SREBP1 and S1P enhanced RCC cell proliferation and migration.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Interleukin-17A Peptide Aptamers with an Unexpected Binding Moiety Selected by cDNA Display under Heterogenous Conditions

Hiroki Anzai et al.

Summary: Peptide-based drugs are a promising new therapeutic modality, and in vitro selection using a cDNA display system in high serum conditions can lead to the identification of molecules with high potency and stability. The selected cyclic peptide aptamers showed nanomolar affinity to the target protein and remained stable in serum, with the DNA linker potentially playing a key role in target binding.

ACS MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

TRIM28 SUMOylates and stabilizes NLRP3 to facilitate inflammasome activation

Ying Qin et al.

Summary: The E3 ligase TRIM28 can SUMOylate NLRP3, thereby limiting its proteasomal degradation and increasing NLRP3 inflammasome activity.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Binding of guide piRNA triggers methylation of the unstructured N-terminal region of Aub leading to assembly of the piRNA amplification complex

Xiawei Huang et al.

Summary: PIWI proteins use piRNAs to repress transposons and protect genomic integrity of gametes, ensuring fertility. Post-translational modification of Aub with sDMA is essential for piRNA biogenesis and transposon silencing. Krimper facilitates piRNA generation through its Tudor domains that bind Aub and Ago3 in different modification and piRNA-loading states.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Supramolecular peptide nano-assemblies for cancer diagnosis and therapy: from molecular design to material synthesis and function-specific applications

Yan Wang et al.

Summary: Peptide nano-assemblies, with high bioactivity and adjustable structure, can be utilized for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Through self-assembly synthesis, peptide nano-assemblies have shown great potential in biomedical applications.

JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology

A Fusion Protein Complex that Combines IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 Signaling to Induce Memory-Like NK Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy

Michelle K. Becker-Hapak et al.

Summary: NK cells show promise as a cellular therapy for cancer, but challenges in production of required reagents exist. A novel HFPC platform was developed to activate NK cells against cancer, showing potential for advancement in clinical GMP-grade memory-like NK cell production.

CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Generation of truncated derivatives through in silico enzymatic digest of peptide GV30 target MRSA both in vitro and in vivo

Yingxue Ma et al.

Summary: MRSA, a superbug causing serious hospital-acquired and skin infections, has prompted the urgent need for new antibacterial drugs. This study evaluated an AMP, GV30, derived from frog skin secretions, and designed seven truncated derivatives, with GV21 showing faster antibacterial effect, lower toxicity, and overall promising potential as a new antibacterial candidate against MRSA.

COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Oncology

PARP-mediated PARylation of MGMT is critical to promote repair of temozolomide-induced O6-methylguanine DNA damage in glioblastoma

Shaofang Wu et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the critical role of PARylation of MGMT by PARP in repairing TMZ-induced O-6-MetG, with PARP inhibitors reducing MGMT function and sensitizing GBM to TMZ. The findings provide a rationale for combining PARP inhibitors to enhance TMZ sensitivity in MGMT-unmethylated GBM.

NEURO-ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

A simple unlabeled human chorionic gonadotropin biosensor based on a peptide aptamer

Huanhuan Li et al.

Summary: This study successfully constructed an unlabeled biosensor based on a peptide aptamer for accurate, sensitive and simple detection of HCG. The biosensor showed a good linear relationship, with a detection limit of 1 mIU mL(-1), and remained stable at room temperature for 14 days, making it a potential portable diagnostic device for HCG.

ANALYTICAL METHODS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Directing evolution of novel ligands by mRNA display

Golnaz Kamalinia et al.

Summary: mRNA display is a powerful platform for directed evolution of proteins and peptides, linking phenotype and genotype through puromycin. Iterative selection cycles lead to peptides with desired functional levels. This review discusses the development and broad application of mRNA display technology in selecting novel peptides and proteins.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Engineering protein theranostics using bio-orthogonal asparaginyl peptide ligases

Zhen Wang et al.

Summary: Bio-orthogonal tandem ligation using two asparaginyl peptide ligases with differential substrate specificities is a straightforward approach for the preparation of multifunctional protein biologics as potential theranostics.

THERANOSTICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Small peptide diversification through photoredox-catalyzed oxidative C-terminal modification

Eliott Le Du et al.

Summary: This method utilizes a photoredox-catalyzed oxidative decarboxylative coupling of small peptides to access a variety of N,O-acetals, which serve as intermediates for the addition of phenols and indoles, leading to novel peptide scaffolds and bioconjugates. Amino acids with nucleophilic side chains like serine, threonine, tyrosine, and tryptophan can also be utilized in this process to access tri- and tetrapeptide derivatives with non-natural cross-linking.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Biophysics

A novel signal-off photoelectrochemical biosensor for M.SssI MTase activity assay based on GQDs@ZIF-8 polyhedra as signal quencher

Leixia Meng et al.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Protease-activated prodrugs: strategies, challenges, and future directions

Marcin Poreba

FEBS JOURNAL (2020)

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Editorial Material Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Redefining non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: what's in a name?

[Anonymous]

LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY (2020)

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Review Cell Biology

Pichia pastoris: A highly successful expression system for optimal synthesis of heterologous proteins

Mohsen Karbalaei et al.

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Antimicrobial host defence peptides: functions and clinical potential

Neeloffer Mookherjee et al.

NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structure of HhaI endonuclease with cognate DNA at an atomic resolution of 1.0 Å

John R. Horton et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Immunology

Novel Peptide-Based PD1 Immunomodulators Demonstrate Efficacy in Infectious Disease Vaccines and Therapeutics

Vinayaka Kotraiah et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Role of trypsin and protease-activated receptor-2 in ovarian cancer

Kyu Kwang Kim et al.

PLOS ONE (2020)

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Article Oncology

ALKS 4230: a novel engineered IL-2 fusion protein with an improved cellular selectivity profile for cancer immunotherapy

Jared E. Lopes et al.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2020)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Genetics of diabetes mellitus and diabetes complications

Joanne B. Cole et al.

NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Organic

Side-Chain Modification of Peptides Using a Phosphoranylidene Amino Acid

Enaam Masri et al.

ORGANIC LETTERS (2020)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Lipoproteins and lipids in cardiovascular disease: from mechanistic insights to therapeutic targeting

Josefin Soppert et al.

ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Strategy to Immobilize Peptide Probe Selected through In Vitro Ribosome Display for Electrochemical Aptasensor Application

Mi Chin et al.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Article Oncology

SETD2 Restricts Prostate Cancer Metastasis by Integrating EZH2 and AMPK Signaling Pathways

Huairui Yuan et al.

CANCER CELL (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

N-Terminal selective modification of peptides and proteins using 2-ethynylbenzaldehydes

Jie-Ren Deng et al.

COMMUNICATIONS CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Review Biochemical Research Methods

Expression of eukaryotic membrane proteins in eukaryotic and prokaryotic hosts

Athanasios Kesidis et al.

METHODS (2020)

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Review Oncology

Roles of METTL3 in cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic targeting

Chengwu Zeng et al.

JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY (2020)

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Article Immunology

Antibacterial and antioomycete activities of a novel designed RY12WY peptide against fish pathogens

Raja Aadil Hussain Bhat et al.

MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An enzymatic toolkit for selective proteolysis, detection, and visualization of mucin-domain glycoproteins

D. Judy Shon et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2020)

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Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Exosites expedite blood coagulation

Maria Luiza Vilela Oliva et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Applied

Expanding the Chemical Diversity of Genetically Encoded Libraries

Sabrina E. Iskandar et al.

ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE (2020)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Development of peptide aptamers as alternatives for antibody in the detection of amyloid-beta 42 aggregates

Sang-Heon Kim et al.

ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY (2020)

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Review Materials Science, Biomaterials

Nanomaterial-based biosensors for DNA methyltransferase assay

Fei Ma et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B (2020)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

In vivo Targeting of Liver Cancer with Tissue- and Nuclei-Specific Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle-Based Nanocarriers in mice

Ziqiang Ding et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE (2020)

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Review Oncology

The blood-brain barrier and blood-tumour barrier in brain tumours and metastases

Costas D. Arvanitis et al.

NATURE REVIEWS CANCER (2020)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Peptide-Aptamer Coassembly Nanocarrier for Cancer Therapy

Yue Ma et al.

BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Evolution of C-Terminal Modification Tolerance in Full-Length and Split T7 RNA Polymerase Biosensors

Jinyue Pu et al.

CHEMBIOCHEM (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Polyglutamylation of tubulin's C-terminal tail controls pausing and motility of kinesin-3 family member KIF1A

Dominique V. Lessard et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Hypoglycaemia, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in diabetes: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management

Stephanie A. Amiel et al.

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Antibiotic Discovery with Synthetic Fermentation: Library Assembly, Phenotypic Screening, and Mechanism of Action of β-Peptides Targeting Penicillin-Binding Proteins

Iain A. Stepek et al.

ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2019)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Discovery and characterization of a novel C-terminal peptide carboxyl methyltransferase in a lassomycin-like lasso peptide biosynthetic pathway

Yu Su et al.

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Tripeptidyl-peptidase II: Update on an oldie that still counts

Birgitta Tomkinson

BIOCHIMIE (2019)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Site-Specific Reversible Protein and Peptide Modification: Transglutaminase-Catalyzed Glutamine Conjugation and Bioorthogonal Light-Mediated Removal

Kevin R. Moulton et al.

BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Peptide Aptamer of Complementarity-Determining Region to Detect Avian Influenza Virus

Anh Thi Viet Nguyen et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Review Cell Biology

Post-translational regulation of ubiquitin signaling

Lei Song et al.

JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY (2019)

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Review Cell Biology

Phage display screening of therapeutic peptide for cancer targeting and therapy

Phei Er Saw et al.

PROTEIN & CELL (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Functional analyses of dipeptide and pentapeptide insertions on Theileria annulata enolase by site-directed mutagenesis and in silico approaches

Sinem Yakarsonmez et al.

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Monosaccharide Analogues of Anticancer Peptide R-Lycosin-I: Role of Monosaccharide Conjugation in Complexation and the Potential of Lung Cancer Targeting and Therapy

Peng Zhang et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Review Cell Biology

The regulation, functions and clinical relevance of arginine methylation

Ernesto Guccione et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2019)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Nonribosomal peptides in fungal cell factories: from genome mining to optimized heterologous production

Antoine Vassaux et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The histone mark H3K36me2 recruits DNMT3A and shapes the intergenic DNA methylation landscape

Daniel N. Weinberg et al.

NATURE (2019)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: causes, diagnosis, cardiometabolic consequences, and treatment strategies

Norbert Stefan et al.

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Strategy to Identify Improved N-Terminal Modifications for Supramolecular Phenylalanine-Derived Hydrogelators

Brittany L. Abraham et al.

LANGMUIR (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Treating Tumors at Low Drug Doses Using an Aptamer-Peptide Synergistic Drug Conjugate

Anusha Pusuluri et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2019)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Design, expression, and characterization of a novel cecropin A-derived peptide with high antibacterial activity

Meng Wang et al.

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Natural Occurring and Engineered Enzymes for Peptide Ligation and Cyclization

Timo Nuijens et al.

FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase in the Synthesis and Modification of Nucleic Acids

Ivo Sarac et al.

CHEMBIOCHEM (2019)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

The N6-Methyladenosine mRNA Methylase METTL3 Controls Cardiac Homeostasis and Hypertrophy

Lisa E. Dorn et al.

CIRCULATION (2019)

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Modulation of Insulin Resistance in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Reenam S. Khan et al.

HEPATOLOGY (2019)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

A Novel Peptide Aptamer to Detect Plasmodium falciparum Lactate Dehydrogenase

Dong-Xu Liu et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY (2019)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

A CMOS VEGF Sensor for Cancer Diagnosis Using a Peptide Aptamer-Based Functionalized Microneedle

Seungwoo Song et al.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (2019)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

DNA Methyltransferase 1 Controls Nephron Progenitor Cell Renewal and Differentiation

Nicola Wanner et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2019)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Heart Failure and Liver Disease Cardiohepatic Interactions

Andrew Xanthopoulos et al.

JACC-HEART FAILURE (2019)

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Stereoselective C-terminal peptide elongation from Chan-Lam-Evans reaction generated isopropenyl esters

Luuk Steemers et al.

ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY (2019)

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Anti-Tumor Activity and Pharmacokinetics of AP25-Fc Fusion Protein

Dening Pei et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (2019)

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Fine-tuning the physicochemical properties of peptide-based blood-brain barrier shuttles

Somaye Ghasemy et al.

BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2018)

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Role of Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer's Disease

Zhiyou Cai et al.

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2018)

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Site-specific stabilization of minigastrin analogs against enzymatic degradation for enhanced cholecystokinin-2 receptor targeting

Maximilian Klingler et al.

THERANOSTICS (2018)

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Development of a novel peptide aptamer-based immunoassay to detect Zika virus in serum and urine

Do Thi Hoang Kim et al.

THERANOSTICS (2018)

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Antibiotics-Peptide Conjugates Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens

Akinwale Ajayi David et al.

CURRENT TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2018)

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Gelatinase activity imaged by activatable cell-penetrating peptides in cell-based and in vivo models of stroke

Shanyan Chen et al.

JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM (2017)

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The type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase cleaves the amyloid precursor protein and reduces its processing to -amyloid peptide

Erwan Lanchec et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2017)

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Engineering a Catalytically Efficient Recombinant Protein Ligase

Renliang Yang et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2017)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Subcritical Water Hydrolysis of Peptides: Amino Acid Side-Chain Modifications

Thomas Powell et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY (2017)

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Using Peptide Aptamer Targeted Polymers as a Model Nanomedicine for Investigating Drug Distribution in Cancer Nanotheranostics

Yongmei Zhao et al.

MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS (2017)

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Expanding and reprogramming the genetic code

Jason W. Chin

NATURE (2017)

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The N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-forming enzyme METTL3 controls myeloid differentiation of normal hematopoietic and leukemia cells

Ly P. Vu et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2017)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Solid-phase synthesis, cyclization, and site-specific functionalization of aziridine-containing tetrapeptides

Benjamin K. W. Chung et al.

NATURE PROTOCOLS (2017)

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Endomorphin-2 analogs with C-terminal esterification produce potent systemic antinociception with reduced tolerance and gastrointestinal side effects

Chang-lin Wang et al.

NEUROPHARMACOLOGY (2017)

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Article Microbiology

Targeting Inhibition of SmpB by Peptide Aptamer Attenuates the Virulence to Protect Zebrafish against Aeromonas veronii Infection

Peng Liu et al.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2017)

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Article Oncology

The Hsp70 inhibiting peptide aptamer A17 potentiates radiosensitization of tumor cells by Hsp90 inhibition

Daniela Schilling et al.

CANCER LETTERS (2017)

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Graphene Biosensor Programming with Genetically Engineered Fusion Protein Monolayers

Miika Soikkeli et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2016)

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Low pH Enhances the Action of Maximin H5 against Staphylococcus aureus and Helps Mediate Lysylated Phosphatidylglycerol-Induced Resistance

Sarah R. Dennison et al.

BIOCHEMISTRY (2016)

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Advances in Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis

Raymond Behrendt et al.

JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE SCIENCE (2016)

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DNA Methyltransferase Activity Assays: Advances and Challenges

Wan Jun Poh et al.

THERANOSTICS (2016)

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Peptide Aptamers: Development and Applications

Sergey Reverdatto et al.

CURRENT TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2015)

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Peptide therapeutics: current status and future directions

Keld Fosgerau et al.

DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY (2015)

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Atrial natriuretic peptide in cardiovascular biology and disease (NPPA)

Wei Song et al.

GENE (2015)

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The protease cathepsin L regulates Th17 cell differentiation

Lifei Hou et al.

JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY (2015)

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C-Terminal Modifications of Apelin-13 Significantly Change Ligand Binding, Receptor Signaling, and Hypotensive Action

Alexandre Murza et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2015)

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Enhancing Glioblastoma-Specific Penetration by Functionalization of Nanoparticles with an Iron-Mimic Peptide Targeting Transferrin/Transferrin Receptor Complex

Ting Kang et al.

MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS (2015)

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A systematic study of glycopeptide esterification for the semi-quantitative determination of sialylation in antibodies

Andrey Giovanni Gomes de Oliveira et al.

RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY (2015)

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Transmembrane Protease Serine 4 Promotes Thyroid Cancer Proliferation via CREB Phosphorylation

Hongyu Guan et al.

THYROID (2015)

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FASTAptamer: A Bioinformatic Toolkit for High-throughput Sequence Analysis of Combinatorial Selections

Khalid K. Alam et al.

MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS (2015)

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Strategic Approaches to Optimizing Peptide ADME Properties

Li Di

AAPS JOURNAL (2015)

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Sortagging: A Robust and Efficient Chemoenzymatic Ligation Strategy

Markus Ritzefeld

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL (2014)

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Therapeutic antibody engineering by high efficiency cell screening

Achim Doerner et al.

FEBS LETTERS (2014)

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Computational Design of Peptide Ligands for Ochratoxin A

Meike Heurich et al.

TOXINS (2013)

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Functional Interplay between Caspase Cleavage and Phosphorylation Sculpts the Apoptotic Proteome

Melissa M. Dix et al.

CELL (2012)

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Preparation of unnatural N-to-N and C-to-C protein fusions

Martin D. Witte et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2012)

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Article Oncology

Novel diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer

Chikezie O. Madu et al.

Journal of Cancer (2012)

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Peptides and Aptamers Targeting HSP70: A Novel Approach for Anticancer Chemotherapy

Anne-Laure Rerole et al.

CANCER RESEARCH (2011)

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Observing selected domains in multi-domain proteins via sortase-mediated ligation and NMR spectroscopy

Mary Anne Refaei et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR (2011)

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Sortase-catalyzed transformations that improve the properties of cytokines

Maximilian W. Popp et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2011)

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A general strategy for the evolution of bond-forming enzymes using yeast display

Irwin Chen et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2011)

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Expanding the Genetic Code of Escherichia coli with Phosphoserine

Hee-Sung Park et al.

SCIENCE (2011)

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Emerging principles in protease-based drug discovery

Marcin Drag et al.

NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY (2010)

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Peptide Aptamers in Label-Free Protein Detection: 2. Chemical Optimization and Detection of Distinct Protein Isoforms

Jason J. Davis et al.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2009)

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Cerebrospinal Fluid β-Amyloid 42 and Tau Proteins as Biomarkers of Alzheimer-Type Pathologic Changes in the Brain

Tero Tapiola et al.

ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY (2009)

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Vancomycin analogs: Seeking improved binding of D-Ala-D-Ala and D-Ala-D-Lac peptides by side-chain and backbone modifications

Siegfried S. F. Leung et al.

BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2009)

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Differential receptor-mediated drug targeting to the diseased brain

J. Rip et al.

EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DELIVERY (2009)

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A Straight Path to Circular Proteins

John M. Antos et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2009)

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An adenovirus-delivered peptide aptamer C1-1 targeting the core protein of hepatitis B virus inhibits viral DNA replication and production in vitro and in vivo

Wei Zhang et al.

PEPTIDES (2009)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Differential protein expression following low temperature culture of suspension CHO-K1 cells

Niraj Kumar et al.

BMC BIOTECHNOLOGY (2008)

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Article Oncology

Peptide aptamers targeting mutant p53 induce apoptosis in tumor cells

Elisa Guida et al.

CANCER RESEARCH (2008)

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Atrial natriuretic peptide frameshift mutation in familial atrial fibrillation

Denice M. Hodgson-Zingman et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2008)

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Cathepsin S controls angiogenesis and tumor growth via matrix-derived angiogenic factors

B Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2006)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Selection and characterization of large collections of peptide aptamers through optimized yeast two-hybrid procedures

Marc B. T. Bickle et al.

NATURE PROTOCOLS (2006)

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Staphylococcus aureus sortase transpeptidase SrtA:: Insight into the kinetic mechanism and evidence for a reverse protonation catalytic mechanism

BA Frankel et al.

BIOCHEMISTRY (2005)

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The protein structures that shape caspase activity, specificity, activation and inhibition

P Fuentes-Prior et al.

BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL (2004)

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DNA display for in vitro selection of diverse peptide libraries -: art. no. e118

M Yonezawa et al.

NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH (2003)

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Biochemical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid ratio of phosphorylated tau protein to β-amyloid peptide42

A Maddalena et al.

ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY (2003)

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Human and parasitic papain-like cysteine proteases:: Their role in physiology and pathology and recent developments in inhibitor design

F Lecaille et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2002)

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Serine protease mechanism and specificity

L Hedstrom

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2002)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Structure and mechanism of the pepsin-like family of aspartic peptidases

BM Dunn

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2002)

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An unnatural amino acid that induces β-sheet folding and interaction in peptides

JS Nowick et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2002)

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Receptor mediated uptake of peptides that bind the human transferrin receptor

JH Lee et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY (2001)

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Recombinant human adenovirus: Targeting to the human transferrin receptor improves gene transfer to brain microcapillary endothelium

HB Xia et al.

JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY (2000)

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