Journal
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
Volume 480, Issue 14, Pages 1035-1049Publisher
PORTLAND PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20220552
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Copper-responsive soluble chaperone proteins are one of the pathways for the two novel pyocins SX1 and SX2 in P. aeruginosa. These proteins have the potential to be used as therapeutics against multi-drug resistant strains.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of serious hospital-acquired infections, the leading proven cause of mortality in people with cystic fibrosis and is associated with high levels of antimicrobial resistance. Pyocins are narrow-spectrum protein antibiotics produced by P. aeruginosa that kill strains of the same species and have the potential to be developed as therapeutics targeting multi-drug resistant isolates. We have identified two novel pyocins designated SX1 and SX2. Pyocin SX1 is a metal-dependent DNase while pyocin SX2 kills cells through inhibition of protein synthesis. Mapping the uptake pathways of SX1 and SX2 shows these pyocins utilize a combination of the common polysaccharide antigen (CPA) and a previously uncharacterized TonB-dependent trans-porter (TBDT) PA0434 to traverse the outer membrane. In addition, TonB1 and FtsH are required by both pyocins to energize their transport into cells and catalyze their trans-location across the inner membrane, respectively. Expression of PA0434 was found to be specifically regulated by copper availability and we have designated PA0434 as Copper Responsive Transporter A, or CrtA. To our knowledge these are the first S-type pyocins described that utilize a TBDT that is not involved in iron uptake.
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