Distribution characteristics of secondary organic aerosol tracers in PM2.5 in Jinzhong

In this study, 13 secondary organic aerosol (SOA) tracers in PM2.5 were measured in Jinzhong, Shanxi, to investigate the distribution characteristics of SOAs. According to the results, isoprene SOA tracers had the highest annual average concentration at 7.35 +/- 14.23 ng/m3, accounting for 57.8% of all tracers by concentration, followed by 13-caryophyllene SOA tracer (3.53 +/- 2.67 ng/m3, 22.6%), a/13-pinene SOA tracers (2.68 +/- 2.23 ng/ m3, 18.9%) and toluene SOA tracer (0.11 +/- 0.08 ng/m3, 0.7%). The concentrations of isoprene and a/13-pinene SOA tracers in summer and autumn were higher than those in winter and spring, whereas the concentration of 13-caryophyllene SOA tracer was higher in autumn and winter than in spring and summer. However, no statistically significant seasonal variation was observed in the concentration of the toluene SOA tracer. According to results for pinolic acid and 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid, a/13-pinene SOA tracers in Jinzhong were fresh in winter and the contribution ratio of 13-pinene to SOA formation was higher than that of a-pinene. A correlation analysis also indicated that the high concentrations of isoprene and a/13-pinene SOA tracers in summer were correlated with temperature, whereas the high concentration of the 13-caryophyllene SOA tracer in autumn and winter was primarily correlated with biomass burning. According to tracer yield estimation results, plant-derived volatile organic compounds were the main source of SOAs in PM2.5 in Jinzhong, with a contribution ratio of 94%. Isoprene contributed the most to secondary organic carbon concentrations in spring and summer, whereas 13-caryophyllene contributed the most in autumn and winter.

Automated summary

In this study, the distribution characteristics of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) were investigated by measuring 13 SOA tracers in PM2.5 in Jinzhong, Shanxi. Isoprene SOA tracer had the highest annual average concentration, accounting for 57.8% of all tracers, followed by 13-caryophyllene, α/β-pinene, and toluene SOA tracers. The concentrations of isoprene and α/β-pinene SOA tracers were higher in summer and autumn, while the concentration of 13-caryophyllene SOA tracer was higher in autumn and winter. According to tracer yield estimation results, plant-derived volatile organic compounds were the main source of SOAs in PM2.5 in Jinzhong, and isoprene contributed the most in spring and summer.