Journal
APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
Volume 159, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2023.105830
Keywords
Uranium; Actinides; Iron (oxyhydr)oxides; XAS; Remediation
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Iron (oxyhydr)oxide minerals are commonly found in the sub-surface environment and can act as long-term barriers to the migration of radionuclides. The substitution and stability of actinides in these minerals are important factors for the remediation of contaminated land and the disposal of radioactive wastes.
Iron (oxyhydr)oxide minerals are ubiquitous in the sub-surface environment (e.g. soils and sediments) and have the potential to act as a long-term barrier to the migration of radionuclides. The long-lived actinides (e.g. 237Np, 2.14 million year half-life) are particularly challenging, and pose multigenerational technical and policy issues for the remediation of contaminated land and the disposal of radioactive wastes. Over the last decade, increasing evidence indicates that actinides may substitute for Fe in the structure of iron (oxyhydr)oxides. Given the thermodynamic stability of iron (oxyhydr)oxides over the crustal continuum, incorporation may provide longterm immobilisation pathways for anthropogenic actinide contaminants. Here, the speciation and coordination adopted by key actinides (i.e. U, Np, Pu and Am) on incorporation into iron (oxyhydr)oxides is reviewed. The stability of these phases under fluctuating environmental conditions is also discussed, to provide constraints on the long-term fate of actinides incorporated into iron (oxyhydr)oxides.
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