Piezo channels in stretch effects on developing human airway smooth muscle

The use of respiratory support strategies such as continuous positive airway pressure in premature infants can substantially stretch highly compliant perinatal airways, leading to airway hyperreactivity and remodeling in the long term. The mechanisms by which stretch detrimentally affects the airway are unknown. Airway smooth muscle cells play a critical role in contractility and remodeling. Using 18-22-wk gestation human fetal airway smooth muscle (fASM) as an in vitro model, we tested the hypothesis that mechanosensitive Piezo (PZ) channels contribute to stretch effects. We found that PZ1 and PZ2 channels are expressed in the smooth muscle of developing airways and that their expression is influenced by stretch. PZ activation via agonist Yoda1 or stretch results in significant [Ca2+](i) responses as well as increased extracellular matrix production. These data suggest that functional PZ channels may play a role in detrimental stretch-induced airway changes in the context of prematurity.

Automated summary

By using fetal airway smooth muscle cells as an in vitro model, this study found that mechanosensitive Piezo channels may play a role in detrimental stretch-induced airway changes, suggesting their potential contribution to airway hyperreactivity and remodeling.