Current State and Future Perspectives of Printable Organic and Perovskite Solar Cells

Photovoltaic technology presents a sustainable solution to address the escalating global energy consumption and a reliable strategy for achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. Emerging photovoltaic technologies, especially the printable organic and perovskite solar cells, have attracted extensive attention due to their rapidly transcending power conversion efficiencies and facile processability, providing great potential to revolutionize the global photovoltaic market. To accelerate these technologies to translate from the laboratory scale to the industrial level, it is critical to develop well-defined and scalable protocols to deposit high-quality thin films of photoactive and charge-transporting materials. Herein, the current state of printable organic and perovskite solar cells is summarized and the view regarding the challenges and prospects toward their commercialization is shared. Different printing techniques are first introduced to provide a correlation between material properties and printing mechanisms, and the optimization of ink formulation and film-formation during large-area deposition of different functional layers in devices are then discussed. Engineering perspectives are also discussed to analyze the criteria for module design. Finally, perspectives are provided regarding the future development of these solar cells toward practical commercialization. It is believed that this perspective will provide insight into the development of printable solar cells and other electronic devices. Here, the authors summarize the current state of printable organic and perovskite solar cells and shared their view regarding the challenges and prospects toward commercialization. Different printing techniques involving the correlation between material properties and printing mechanisms are analyzed. The authors also discuss the optimization of ink formulation, large-area film deposition, and design of module structure.image

Automated summary

This article summarizes the current state of printable organic and perovskite solar cells and discusses the challenges and prospects towards commercialization. Different printing techniques and the correlation between material properties and printing mechanisms are analyzed. The optimization of ink formulation and film deposition for large-area devices is also discussed. Perspectives are provided regarding the future development of these solar cells towards practical commercialization.