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Summary: This review discusses the composition and applications of meta-lenses, emphasizing their importance and potential applications in different fields. Furthermore, it outlines the current challenges in the field and future directions for development.
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Summary: The high refractive index of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) at optical frequencies is important for modulating light, but its high extinction coefficient has limited its widespread use. By adjusting chemical deposition conditions to control hydrogenation and silicon disorder, a low-loss a-Si:H material has been developed with an extinction coefficient as low as 0.082 at 450 nm. This material shows promise for efficient photonic operation in the visible spectrum and has been validated through beam-steering metasurfaces with measured efficiencies up to 75%.
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Summary: Traditional OVDs face risks in the face of increasing counterfeit threats; Metasurfaces, as candidates for the new generation of OVDs, exhibit multiple optical responses and provide a more robust solution for optical anti-counterfeiting; mOVDs have multiple optical responses, are difficult to reverse engineer, and are key points of discussion in terms of fabrication methods and classification.
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Trevon Badloe et al.
Summary: Researchers demonstrated an electrically controllable bifocal metalens at visible wavelengths, with liquid crystals for actively manipulating the focal length. The metalens showed highly efficient focusing performance with a measured focusing efficiency of around 44%, and could switch focus between two designed focal planes through electrical modulation.
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