Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 15, Issue 43, Pages 50106-50115Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06859
Keywords
Titanium nitride; Photothermal conversion; Mie theory; Heat transport in nanofluids; Energyharvesting
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In this work, oil-based plasmonic nanofluids are shown to possess high photothermal efficiency and strong heat localization, providing unprecedented opportunities for the development of liquid-based energy generation systems for soft, stand-alone devices.
In situ energy generation in soft, flexible, autonomous devices is challenging due to the need for highly stretchable and fault-resistant components. Nanofluids with pyro-, tribo-, or thermoelectric properties have recently emerged as promising solutions for realizing liquid-based energy harvesters. Yet, large thermal gradients are required for the efficient performance of these systems. In this work, we show that oil-based plasmonic nanofluids uniquely combine high photothermal efficiency with strong heat localization. In particular, we report that oleic acid-based nanofluids containing TiN nanoclusters (0.3 wt %) exhibit 89% photothermal efficiency and can realize thermal gradients as large as 15.5 K/cm under solar irradiation. We experimentally and numerically investigate the photothermal behavior of the nanofluid as a function of solid fraction concentration and irradiation wavelength, clarifying the interplay of thermal and optical properties and demonstrating a dramatic improvement compared with water-based nanofluids. Overall, these results open unprecedented opportunities for the development of liquid-based energy generation systems for soft, stand-alone devices.
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