Bi Nanosheets on Porous Carbon Cloth Composites for Ultrastable Flexible Nickel-Bismuth Batteries

The use of bismuth (Bi) as an anode material in nickel-metalbatteries has gained significant attention due to its highly reversibleredox reaction and suitable operating conditions. However, the cyclingstability and flexibility of nickel-bismuth (Ni//Bi) batteriesneed to be further improved. This paper employs a facile electrodepositiontechnique to prepare Bi nanosheets uniformly grown on a porous carboncloth (PCC), denoted as Bi-PCC electrodes. The Bi-PCC electrode portraysa specific surface area and good wettability that enable fast chargetransfer and ion transport channels. Consequently, the Bi-PCC electrodedemonstrates a high specific capacity of up to 297.1 mAh g(-1) at 2 A g(-1), with a capacity retention of up to71.5% at 2-40 A g(-1) and an impressive capacityretention of 79.9% after 1000 cycles at 2-40 A g(-1). More importantly, the flexible rechargeable Ni//Bi battery (denotedas Ni(OH)(2)-PCC//Bi-PCC) with Bi-PCC as the anode and Ni(OH)(2)-PCC as the cathode has excellent electrochemical performance.The Ni(OH)(2)-PCC//Bi-PCC battery boasts a remarkable capacityretention of 93.6% after 3000 cycles at 10 A g(-1). Further, the cell presents a maximum energy density of 73.1 Whkg(-1) and an impressive power density of 11.9 kWkg(-1).

Automated summary

This paper presents the use of Bi nanosheets grown on a porous carbon cloth as anode material in Ni//Bi batteries. The Bi-PCC electrode exhibits high specific capacity, excellent cycling stability, and flexibility. Moreover, a flexible rechargeable Ni//Bi battery with Bi-PCC as the anode and Ni(OH)2-PCC as the cathode shows remarkable electrochemical performance, including high capacity retention and energy density.