Characterization and application of roxithromycin loaded cyclodextrin based nanoparticles for treatment of multidrug resistant bacteria

An outbreak of infections with a high mortality rate caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria is one of the biggest health challenges globally. A class IV drug, roxithromycin (ROX), has poor solubility. In this study, ROX was first encapsulated in the cavity of each of the beta-cyclodextrin (beta CD) and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP beta CD). Then, each of the resulting beta CD-ROX inclusion complex and HP beta CD-ROX inclusion complex were separately loaded into poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) to synthesize beta CD-ROX/PLGA and HP beta CD-ROX/PLGA nanoparticles (NPs). Blank and ROX loaded PLGA (ROX-PLGA) NPs were also prepared. The loading efficiency of ROX is comparatively high for HP beta CD-ROX/PLGA NPs in comparison to the beta CD-ROX/PLGA NPs and ROX-PLGA NPs. All designed formulations showed significant (P < 0.0001) antibacterial activity against the selected MDR bacterial strains. In a nutshell, this study demonstrated a great therapeutic potential of the above mentioned delivery systems for treatment of MDR bacteria. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.