Journal
SYNOPEN
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 76-87Publisher
GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1720060
Keywords
photoredox catalysis; deep red and near-infrared light; cross-coupling; reaction engineering; photodynamic therapy; photoaffinity labeling; proximity labeling; multiphoton excitation
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Photoredox catalysis has transformed synthetic chemistry and researchers have been exploring the use of low-energy deep red (DR) or near-infrared (NIR) light to overcome the limitations of high-energy blue/ultraviolet light. This graphical review summarizes the photophysical principles relevant to photoredox catalysis and reviews applications that benefit from low-energy irradiation, including large-scale batch reactions, photodynamic therapy, biological labeling, and multi-photon excitation.
Photoredox catalysis has revolutionized synthetic chemistry in recent decades. However, the field has traditionally used high-energy blue/ultraviolet light to activate chromophores. High-energy irradiation is associated with several drawbacks (e.g., activation of sensitive functional groups, undesired metal-ligand homolysis, back-ground activation of molecules, and poor penetration), which has led researchers to develop alternative systems with lower energy deep red (DR) or near-infrared (NIR) light. This graphical review provides a concise overview of photophysical principles relevant to photoredox catalysis. Several applications that benefit from low-energy irradia-tion, such as large-scale batch reactions, photodynamic therapy, biological labeling, and multi-photon excitation are reviewed.
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