Journal
IEEE ELECTRIFICATION MAGAZINE
Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages 43-51Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/MELE.2022.3232981
Keywords
Uncertainty; Power demand; Hydrogen; Low-carbon economy; Seaports; Containers; Smart grids
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Modern ports are transforming into smart grids and smart energy hubs, with electric energy needs dominating. Cold ironing, also known as onshore power supply or alternate marine power, is one of the most energy-demanding applications. The power demand of berthed ships varies from hundreds of kW for container ships to tens of MW for cruise ships.
Modern ports are expected to play a key role in the transportation chain, being transformed into smart grids and smart energy hubs where electric energy needs predominate. Cold ironing (CI), also known as onshore power supply (OPS) or alternate marine power, is indeed one the most energy-demanding applications. The power demand of a berthed ship depends on its characteristics and may vary from hundreds of kW, for container ships, to tens of MW, in the case of cruise ships.
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