Journal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED GERONTOLOGY
Volume 42, Issue 9, Pages 1993-2002Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/07334648231177568
Keywords
swallowing impairment; social determinants of health; National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS)
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This study examines the relationship between dysphagia and social determinants of health in older adults. It found that older adults with dysphagia had higher odds of experiencing food insecurity and being homebound.
Objective: Our aim was to evaluate relationships between swallowing difficulty (dysphagia) and social determinants of health (SDOH) in older adults & GE;65 years. Method: Cross-sectional analyses were performed in community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries from the National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS). The primary exposure was self-reported difficulty chewing/swallowing in the prior month. Dependent measures included a variety of SDOH outcomes (e.g., food insecurity [FI]). Weighted logistic regression models were estimated to determine associations between dysphagia and SDOH outcomes. Results: Of 4041 participants, 428 (10.6%) self-reported dysphagia. In the adjusted model, dysphagia was associated with significantly increased odds for FI (odds ratio [OR] = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06, 2.07, p = .023) and being homebound (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.55, p= < .001). Discussion: Older adults with dysphagia had increased odds of FI and being homebound. These associations have implications for health-promoting interventions at the individual and policy levels in older adults.
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