Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 humoral immune response in a subject with unique sampling: A case report

Article Immunology

Class switch toward noninflammatory, spike-specific IgG4 antibodies after repeated SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination

Pascal Irrgang et al.

Summary: RNA vaccines are effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection, and high levels of neutralizing antibodies are crucial for vaccine-induced immunity. After the second mRNA vaccination, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were increasingly composed of noninflammatory IgG4, which was further boosted by a third vaccination or breakthrough infections. This induction of IgG4 antibodies was not observed with adenoviral vectors. These findings have implications for the choice and timing of mRNA vaccine regimens, including booster shots.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2023)

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Article Immunology

The presence of serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA appears to protect primary health care workers from COVID-19

Viktoria Hennings et al.

Summary: The patterns of humoral and cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 were studied in Swedish primary health care workers, and it was found that contracting Covid-19 was associated with specific antibody and T cell responses, as well as certain clinical factors, while not contracting the infection was associated with other antibody responses, allergy, and smoking.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Immunology

The kinetics of IgG subclasses and contributions to neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type strain and variants in healthy adults immunized with inactivated vaccine

Weixin Chen et al.

Summary: This study investigated the kinetics of neutralizing antibodies and IgG subclasses in individuals vaccinated with an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. The results showed that a booster shot significantly enhanced neutralizing ability and IgG1 and IgG3 were the most abundant antibodies.

IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Immunology

Simultaneous measurement of multiple variant-specific SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies with a multiplexed flow cytometric assay

Hong Liu et al.

Summary: By developing a novel multiplex test system, both neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and antibodies against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants/subvariants can be reliably detected. Distinguishing NAbs to the appropriate antigenic target offers the best correlate of protection, aiding individual decisions about the appropriateness and cadence of vaccine boosters and other exposure mitigation strategies.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Virology

SARS-CoV-2 RBD-Specific Antibodies Induced Early in the Pandemic by Natural Infection and Vaccination Display Cross-Variant Binding and Inhibition

Melanie R. Walker et al.

Summary: This study investigates the cross-reactivity and protection provided by natural infection and vaccination against new variants of SARS-CoV-2. The findings show that both natural infection and vaccine-induced immunity can generate cross-reactive antibodies against the variants, providing important insights for countries with low vaccination rates.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2022)

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Article Immunology

SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals: measurement, causes and impact

Marc Lipsitch et al.

Summary: The study evaluates the impact of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in vaccinated individuals and discusses the challenges in measuring breakthrough infections and determining the factors affecting vaccine effectiveness. The research also addresses key questions on transitioning to endemicity, tracking viral variants, identifying immune correlates of protection, and dealing with public health challenges in countering breakthrough infections amid global vaccine shortages.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Virology