Harnessing solar and wind for sustainable cross-border electricity trade in the Greater Mekong Subregion

Sustainable, low-emission electricity generation options are needed in the Greater Mekong Subregion, including for cross-border electricity trade. Large-scale investment in solar and wind power, together with off-river pumped hydro energy storage, is identified as a promising way forward. The GMS has many potential off-river pumped hydro sites. Actionable recommendations include greater use of bilateral power purchase agreements for cross-border solar and wind power supply, and potential development of a high-voltage direct current grid. Institutional prioritization and ongoing evaluation are required to ensure desired social, environmental, and economic outcomes from the transition.

Automated summary

Sustainable and low-emission electricity generation options, including cross-border electricity trade, are necessary in the Greater Mekong Subregion. The combination of large-scale investments in solar and wind power, along with off-river pumped hydro energy storage, is seen as a promising way to achieve this. The presence of numerous potential off-river pumped hydro sites in the GMS offers opportunities for development. Actionable recommendations include the use of bilateral power purchase agreements and the potential establishment of a high-voltage direct current grid for cross-border supply of solar and wind power. Institutional prioritization and ongoing evaluation are essential to ensure the desired social, environmental, and economic outcomes from this transition.