4.8 Article

Electrolyzer energy dominates separation costs in state-of-the-art CO2 electrolyzers: Implications for single-pass CO2 utilization

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Review Energy & Fuels

Gas diffusion electrodes, reactor designs and key metrics of low-temperature CO2 electrolysers

David Wakerley et al.

Summary: Chemicals and fuels can be generated from CO2 via electrolysers that employ gas diffusion electrodes. This review discusses the key advances and remaining shortfalls of GDE-based CO2 electrolysers, as well as provides an overview of partial current densities, efficiencies, and stabilities achieved.

NATURE ENERGY (2022)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Carbon-efficient carbon dioxide electrolysers

Adnan Ozden et al.

Summary: Renewable electricity-powered CO2 electroreduction is a sustainable approach for transforming the chemical industry. The authors provide an overview of four CO2 electrolysis pathways that could overcome the major technological barrier of carbonate formation. CO2 electroreduction (CO2R) is a promising technology for converting CO2 into renewable fuels and feedstocks, supporting the transition from fossil to renewable sources in the chemical industry. However, carbonate formation and energy costs currently limit the viability of CO2R technology.

NATURE SUSTAINABILITY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Analyzing Production Rate and Carbon Utilization Trade-offs in CO2RR Electrolyzers

Steven A. Hawks et al.

Summary: This article applies a simple analytical reactor model to parameterize single-pass conversion in CO2 electrolyzers, successfully describing the carbon utilization performance and capturing recent innovations in reactor design. Examining the trade-off between single-pass conversion efficiency and reactor productivity is crucial for advancing this technology towards commercial applications.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2022)

Article Electrochemistry

Electrochemical conversion of pressurized CO2 at simple silver-based cathodes in undivided cells: study of the effect of pressure and other operative parameters

Federica Proietto et al.

Summary: The electrochemical reduction of pressurized CO2 is proposed as a method to improve the production efficiency of CO and reduce costs. The study found that under pressure conditions, the current efficiency of CO can be significantly improved, and under certain conditions, using a simple silver cathode can achieve good CO yield and stability.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY (2021)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Electroreduction of CO2/CO to C2 Products: Process Modeling, Downstream Separation, System Integration, and Economic Analysis

Mahinder Ramdin et al.

Summary: The study compares the technical and economic feasibility of direct and indirect CO2 conversion routes to C-2 products, taking into account the impact of different parameters on downstream processing and economics. Economic analysis shows that both conversion routes could become profitable by reducing costs and electricity prices.

INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Enhancing carbon dioxide gas-diffusion electrolysis by creating a hydrophobic catalyst microenvironment

Zhuo Xing et al.

Summary: The study found that a hydrophobic microenvironment can significantly enhance CO2 gas-diffusion electrolysis efficiency. Furthermore, a balanced gas/liquid microenvironment can reduce the diffusion layer thickness, accelerate CO2 mass transport, and increase CO2 local concentration for electrolysis.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Efficient CO2 electroreduction on facet-selective copper films with high conversion rate

Gong Zhang et al.

Summary: The authors developed a novel synthetic approach to prepare Cu(100)-rich thin film electrodes for CO2 electroreduction, achieving high Faradaic efficiency for ethylene and C2+ products. Scaling up the electrode led to increased total current and higher yield of desired C2+ products. Insights into Cu facets exposure effects on intermediates were provided through in situ spectroscopic methods and theoretical calculations, enabling precise design of CO2 reduction reactions for future industrial applications.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Cation-Driven Increases of CO2 Utilization in a Bipolar Membrane Electrode Assembly for CO2 Electrolysis

Kailun Yang et al.

Summary: By promoting alkali cation (K+) concentrations on the catalyst's surface, this study achieved a 3-fold increase in CO2 reduction selectivity in BPMEA system, reaching a CO Faradaic efficiency of 68%. Compared to anion exchange membrane, the cation-infused bipolar membrane system showed a 5-fold reduction in CO2 loss at similar current densities and exceeded the 50% CO2 utilization mark.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Local Chemical Environment Governs Anode Processes in CO2 Electrolyzers

Adam Vass et al.

Summary: The electrolysis community aims to replace the commonly used Ir anode catalyst with a more abundant and stable material like Ni. However, despite Ni being considered a potential replacement, long-term operation reveals that Ni leads to rapid cell failure compared to Ir. This is due to a decrease in anolyte pH and the development of a detrimental chemical environment at the anode.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Downstream of the CO2 Electrolyzer: Assessing the Energy Intensity of Product Separation

Theo Alerte et al.

Summary: The study focuses on the downstream purification of ethylene produced from the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, highlighting the energy-intensive CO2 removal step. Opportunities to reduce separation energy through improvements in ethylene selectivity, CO2 conversion, and CO2 crossover are identified, emphasizing the need for new, efficient separation processes tailored to CO2 electrolyzer outlet streams.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Enhanced multi-carbon selectivity via CO electroreduction approach

Rong Xia et al.

Summary: This study compared the electrocatalytic behaviors of Cu catalysts in eCO(2)RR and eCORR, finding that eCORR exhibited higher carbon efficiency and C2+ Faradaic efficiency under alkaline electrolyte conditions.

JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

CO2 electrolysis to multicarbon products in strong acid

Jianan Erick Huang et al.

Summary: Carbon dioxide electroreduction (CO2R) is being actively studied as a promising route to convert carbon emissions to valuable chemicals and fuels. A study found that concentrating potassium cations in the vicinity of electrochemically active sites accelerates CO2 activation to enable efficient CO2R in acid. The research achieved a high CO2R efficiency on copper at pH <1 with a single-pass CO2 utilization of 77%.

SCIENCE (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Single Pass CO2 Conversion Exceeding 85% in the Electrosynthesis of Multicarbon Products via Local CO2 Regeneration

Colin P. O'Brien et al.

Summary: The CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) provides an opportunity to consume CO2 and produce desirable products, but the alkaline conditions required often lead to loss of input CO2 to bicarbonate and carbonate, limiting the conversion of CO2 to multicarbon products. This study found that cation exchange membranes (CEMs) and bipolar membranes (BPMs) were not ideal for providing locally alkaline conditions, but the development of a permeable CO2 regeneration layer (PCRL) allowed for a more efficient CO2 conversion process with limited CO2 crossover.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2021)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Techno-economic assessment of low-temperature carbon dioxide electrolysis

Haeun Shin et al.

Summary: This work provides a comprehensive techno-economic assessment of four major products of low-temperature CO2 electrolysis and prioritizes technological development with systematic guidelines to facilitate market deployment.

NATURE SUSTAINABILITY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The economic outlook for converting CO2 and electrons to molecules

Zhe Huang et al.

Summary: The research explores the possibility of using renewable energy to drive CO2 reduction reactions to transform the linear consumption economic model. Through economic evaluation of five major technologies, it is found that production costs of 8 out of 11 potential carbonaceous products have the potential to reach parity with or even lower than current market prices.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Advanced manufacturing for electrosynthesis of fuels and chemicals from CO2

Daniel Corral et al.

Summary: In this study, advanced manufacturing (AM) was shown to be an effective method for developing and testing novel electrochemical systems for chemical synthesis. Through an evolving series of vapor-fed reactor designs, improvements in performance for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction were achieved. The use of a dimensionless number (Da) helped identify mass transport regimes and led to significant experimental results, highlighting the potential of AM for accelerating reactor design and improving catalytic system performance.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Orientation of a bipolar membrane determines the dominant ion and carbonic species transport in membrane electrode assemblies for CO2 reduction

Marijn A. Blommaert et al.

Summary: A bipolar membrane can be used in reverse bias and forward bias in an electrochemical cell. The orientation of the BPM affects the environment of the CO2 reduction catalyst and ion transport mechanism. Reverse bias reduces CO2 crossover and cathodic potential, while forward bias shows lower CO selectivity and higher salt concentration.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Efficient Methane Electrosynthesis Enabled by Tuning Local CO2 Availability

Xue Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Cost Analysis of Carbon Capture and Sequestration of Process Emissions from the US Industrial Sector

Helene Pilorge et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Quantifying the kinetics-energetics performance tradeoff in bipolar membrane electrodialysis

Huixia Lu et al.

JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Accelerating water dissociation in bipolar membranes and for electrocatalysis

Sebastian Z. Oener et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

The future of low-temperature carbon dioxide electrolysis depends on solving one basic problem

Joshua A. Rabinowitz et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

Article Thermodynamics

Exergy and energy analysis of biogas upgrading by pressure swing adsorption: Dynamic analysis of the process

Giorgio Vilardi et al.

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Quantification of water transport in a CO2 electrolyzer

Danika G. Wheeler et al.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Investigation of CO2 single-pass conversion in a flow electrolyzer

Emily Jeng et al.

REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Insights into the carbon balance for CO2 electroreduction on Cu using gas diffusion electrode reactor designs

Ming Ma et al.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2020)

Article Energy & Fuels

Economics of converting renewable power to hydrogen

Gunther Glenk et al.

NATURE ENERGY (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Climate change mitigation potential of carbon capture and utilization in the chemical industry

Arne Kaetelhoen et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Towards membrane-electrode assembly systems for CO2 reduction: a modeling study

Lien-Chun Weng et al.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2019)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

CO2 reduction on gas-diffusion electrodes and why catalytic performance must be assessed at commercially-relevant conditions

Thomas Burdyny et al.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2019)

Article Engineering, Chemical

General Techno-Economic Analysis of CO2 Electrolysis Systems

Matthew Jouny et al.

INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2018)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Modeling gas-diffusion electrodes for CO2 reduction

Lien-Chun Weng et al.

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS (2018)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Process Synthesis and Optimization of Heat Pump Assisted Distillation for Ethylene-Ethane Separation

Matthew Bryan Leo et al.

INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2018)

Proceedings Paper Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Start-up of Port-Jerome CRYOCAP™ Plant: Optimized Cryogenic CO2 Capture from H2 Plants

Delphine Pichot et al.

13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, GHGT-13 (2017)

Proceedings Paper Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Overview on Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) as CO2 capture technology: state-of-the-art, limits and potentials

Luca Riboldi et al.

13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, GHGT-13 (2017)

Proceedings Paper Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Demonstration Results of Enzyme-Accelerated CO2 Capture

Louis Fradette et al.

13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, GHGT-13 (2017)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Approaching a reversible stripping process for CO2 capture

Yu-Jeng Lin et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2016)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Pilot plant test of the advanced flash stripper for CO2 capture

Yu-Jeng Lin et al.

FARADAY DISCUSSIONS (2016)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Optimum heat of absorption for CO2 capture using the advanced flash stripper

Yu-Jeng Lin et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL (2016)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Carbon dioxide absorption into promoted potassium carbonate solutions: A review

Guoping Hu et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL (2016)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Pilot plant test of the advanced flash stripper for CO2 capture

Yu-Jeng Lin et al.

FARADAY DISCUSSIONS (2016)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Novel Shortcut Estimation Method for Regeneration Energy of Amine Solvents in an Absorption-Based Carbon Capture Process

Huiyong Kim et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2015)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

The use of carbonic anhydrase to accelerate carbon dioxide capture processes

Joel K. J. Yong et al.

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2015)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Evaluating different classes of porous materials for carbon capture

Johanna M. Huck et al.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2014)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Minimising the regeneration heat duty of post-combustion CO2 capture by wet chemical absorption: The misguided focus on low heat of absorption solvents

Jochen Oexmann et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL (2010)

Article Electrochemistry

Mathematical Modeling of CO2 Reduction to CO in Aqueous Electrolytes I. Kinetic Study on Planar Silver and Gold Electrodes

Charles Delacourt et al.

JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY (2010)

Article Engineering, Chemical

New Amines for CO2 Capture. II. Oxidative Degradation Mechanisms

Helene Lepaumier et al.

INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2009)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Kinetics of carbon dioxide absorption into aqueous potassium carbonate and piperazine

JT Cullinane et al.

INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2006)