4.7 Article

A recent distemper virus outbreak in the growing canine populations of Galapagos Islands: a persistent threat for the endangered Galapagos Sea Lion

Journal

FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1154625

Keywords

Canine Distemper Virus; Galapagos Islands; dogs; sea lions; distemper virus

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Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) is a highly contagious virus that affects both domestic animals and wildlife. This study reports an outbreak of CDV in the Galapagos Islands in 2019. A total of 125 dogs with clinical signs of CDV were included in the study, and a RT-qPCR analysis showed a positivity rate of 74.4%. Despite efforts for population control and vaccination, CDV still poses a threat to the Galapagos sea lion.
Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) is a highly contagious virus that can cross mammalian species barriers and has widespread impacts on both domestic animals and wildlife populations. This study describes a recent outbreak of CDV in the Galapagos Islands in 2019. A total number of 125 dogs with clinical signs compatible with CDV were included in this study. Nasal swabs were taken and analyzed by RT-qPCR for the detection of CDV, resulting in a positivity rate of 74.4% (IC95%, 66-81%). Among the CDV positive dogs, 82.2% presented with respiratory signs, 48.8% neurological signs, and 28.9% gastrointestinal signs. CDV has been previously reported in the domestic canine population of the Galapagos Islands in 2001 and 2004. The current study shows how CDV is still a threat for the endemic and endangered Galapagos sea lion, despite recent policies for dog population control and CDV vaccination.

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