Trace Elements and Ferritin in Pig Saliva: Variations during Fattening, Time of Sampling, Effect of Dirtiness and Stability under Different Storage Conditions

The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible changes of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and ferritin during the entire productive cycle in fattening pigs and at different diurnal sampling times. Moreover, the possible effects of the presence of pen contaminants and storage stability at different temperature conditions were assessed. The analytes changed along the different phases of the fattening productive cycle, showing, in general, higher values at the initial phases. In addition, statistically significant variations were found in Zn and Cu measurements at different sampling times of the day. In the spectrophotometric assays, the values of all analytes significantly increased after adding high concentrations of feces or feed. However, when low concentrations of feces or feed were added, only Cu showed a significant increase. Overall, the salivary levels of Zn, Cu, Fe and ferritin in pigs can change during different fattening phases and the different hours of the day. These analytes were more stable at -80 degrees C and, if saliva is contaminated with feces or feed, it can lead to an increase in these analytes.

Automated summary

The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes of zinc, copper, iron, and ferritin in pigs during the fattening cycle and at different sampling times. The presence of pen contaminants and storage stability were also assessed. The analytes showed variation throughout the cycle, with higher values in the initial phases. The measurements of zinc and copper also varied at different sampling times. The addition of feces or feed increased the values of all analytes, especially at higher concentrations.