Novel Biomarkers of Diabetic Kidney Disease

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a highly prevalent condition worldwide. It represents one of the most common complications arising from diabetes mellitus (DM) and is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Its development involves three fundamental components: the hemodynamic, metabolic, and inflammatory axes. Clinically, persistent albuminuria in association with a progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) defines this disease. However, as these alterations are not specific to DKD, there is a need to discuss novel biomarkers arising from its pathogenesis which may aid in the diagnosis, follow-up, therapeutic response, and prognosis of the disease.

Automated summary

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. Its development involves hemodynamic, metabolic, and inflammatory factors. Persistent albuminuria along with a decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) defines this disease, but novel biomarkers originating from its pathogenesis need to be discussed to aid in diagnosis, follow-up, treatment response, and prognosis.