Assessment of Voltage Fluctuations for Battery Storage Systems Providing Frequency Response Services

This paper investigates voltage fluctuations caused by the operation of battery energy storage (BES) units which provide frequency response (FR) and fast frequency response (FFR) services using a test network based on a typical part of the United Kingdom (UK) mainland system. This paper provides an overview of current FR/FFR services currently used in the UK, and a summary of their typical modes of operation. Using DIgSILENT Powerfactory, the paper introduces a simple frequency disturbance generator to mimic typical frequency disturbances that would occur in the UK network, and then subsequently uses a representative test distribution network to show how voltage disturbances associated with BES units can develop across the electrical network. The paper provides a contribution to knowledge by creating a systematic approach for assessing voltage disturbance and flicker concerns for BES units on island networks, using a simple control algorithm and novel frequency disturbance generator.

Automated summary

This paper investigates voltage fluctuations caused by the operation of battery energy storage units providing frequency response and fast frequency response services. The study uses a test network based on a typical part of the UK mainland system and introduces a frequency disturbance generator to simulate typical disturbances in the network. The paper contributes to knowledge by providing a systematic approach for assessing voltage disturbances and flicker concerns for battery energy storage units on island networks.