Journal
CELLS
Volume 12, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells12091297
Keywords
COVID-19; endothelial dysfunction; long COVID; microfluidic system; personalized COVID-19 follow-up; vessel-on-a-chip model
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COVID-19 causes various vascular and blood-related reactions. Endothelial cells play a remarkable role in the acute response and may remain important beyond the acute phase. Research is needed to determine the vascular consequences of COVID-19 and the potential long-term effects on the cardiovascular system. Vessel-on-a-chip technology shows potential in studying COVID-19 pathophysiology and could be used for personalized follow-up of the disease and research of new drugs.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) causes various vascular and blood-related reactions, including exacerbated responses. The role of endothelial cells in this acute response is remarkable and may remain important beyond the acute phase. As we move into a post-COVID-19 era (where most people have been or will be infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus), it is crucial to define the vascular consequences of COVID-19, including the long-term effects on the cardiovascular system. Research is needed to determine whether chronic endothelial dysfunction following COVID-19 could lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular and thrombotic events. Endothelial dysfunction could also serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for post-COVID-19. This review covers these topics and examines the potential of emerging vessel-on-a-chip technology to address these needs. Vessel-on-a-chip would allow for the study of COVID-19 pathophysiology in endothelial cells, including the analysis of SARS-CoV-2 interactions with endothelial function, leukocyte recruitment, and platelet activation. Personalization could be implemented in the models through induced pluripotent stem cells, patient-specific characteristics, or genetic modified cells. Adaptation for massive testing under standardized protocols is now possible, so the chips could be incorporated for the personalized follow-up of the disease or its sequalae (long COVID) and for the research of new drugs against COVID-19.
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