4.6 Review

Sex Differences in Lung Cancer

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Androgen Receptor Transcriptionally Inhibits Programmed Death Ligand-1 Expression and Influences Immune Escape in Bladder Cancer

Anran Sun et al.

Summary: This study reveals a new role of the androgen receptor (AR) in regulating the immune response to bladder cancer (BCa) by targeting PD-L1. The expression of AR and PD-L1 was found to be negatively correlated in BCa cells and clinical tissues. AR was found to directly bind to the promoter region of PD-L1 and negatively regulate its expression. In vivo studies in mice showed that injection of anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies suppressed tumor growth, and stable expression of AR enhanced the antitumor activity. These findings provide potential therapeutic strategies for immunotherapy in BCa.

LABORATORY INVESTIGATION (2023)

Article Oncology

Cancer statistics, 2022

Rebecca L. Siegel et al.

Summary: Each year, the American Cancer Society compiles data on cancer occurrence and outcomes in the United States. The latest data shows that breast and prostate cancer progress has stagnated, while lung cancer has shown improvements in survival rates. Lung cancer incidence for advanced disease has declined while localized-stage rates have increased, resulting in higher survival rates. Mortality patterns align with incidence trends, with lung cancer deaths declining rapidly, breast cancer deaths slowing, and prostate cancer deaths stabilizing.

CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS (2022)

Review Oncology

Gender Differences and Their Effects on Survival Outcomes in Lung Cancer Patients Treated With PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

S. Madala et al.

Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of gender on the response to PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC patients. The results showed that these drugs offer the same survival benefit in NSCLC patients regardless of gender.

CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2022)

Article Oncology

Sex Differences in Risk of Severe Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immunotherapy, Targeted Therapy, or Chemotherapy in Cancer Clinical Trials

Joseph M. Unger et al.

Summary: Women have a higher risk of severe adverse events (AEs) from cancer treatment compared to men, especially in immunotherapy. The study found that there are broad-based sex differences in the severity of symptomatic AEs and hematologic AEs across different treatment modalities. Understanding the sex differences in AEs is important, particularly in the context of immunotherapy.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2022)

Review Oncology

The Potential of the Gut Microbiome to Reshape the Cancer Therapy Paradigm

Longsha Liu et al.

Summary: The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in cancer therapy and has the potential to revolutionize the field. This review highlights the association between the gut microbiome and therapeutic response, and discusses strategies for integrating microbiome-modulating treatments with other cancer therapies.

JAMA ONCOLOGY (2022)

Article Immunology

Androgen conspires with the CD8+ T cell exhaustion program and contributes to sex bias in cancer

Hyunwoo Kwon et al.

Summary: This study reveals a sex bias in the development and progression of nonreproductive organ cancers, with male patients having a higher frequency of CD8(+) T cells lacking effector activity. This bias is driven by gonadal androgen and not by sex chromosomes. The androgen receptor plays a crucial role in promoting CD8(+) T cell exhaustion through a sex-specific regulon and acts as a direct transcriptional transactivator of Tcf7/TCF1. Inhibiting the androgen receptor rewires the tumor microenvironment, favoring effector T cell differentiation and enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

Review Oncology

Sex dimorphism in response to targeted therapy and immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a narrative review

Yingbo Huang et al.

Summary: This narrative review summarizes the current knowledge on sex differences in treatment efficacy for targeted therapy and immunotherapy in NSCLC. Women tend to benefit more from first-generation anti-EGFR treatment in targeted therapy, while the existence of sex differences in response to immunotherapy remains controversial.

TRANSLATIONAL LUNG CANCER RESEARCH (2022)

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Genetically predicted testosterone and cancers risk in men: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Junke Chang et al.

Summary: Genetically predicted BT level was significantly associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, while TT was found to be the suggestive protective factor against stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, and small intestine cancer in men.

JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2022)

Article Physiology

PGC-1α overexpression is not sufficient to mitigate cancer cachexia in either male or female mice

Francielly Morena da Silva et al.

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism (2022)

Article Immunology

Androgen receptor-mediated CD8+ T cell stemness programs drive sex differences in antitumor immunity

Chao Yang et al.

Summary: This study reveals the immunological mechanism underlying sexual differences in non-reproductive cancers, showing that male CD8(+) T cells have impaired effector and stem cell-like properties compared to female CD8(+) T cells. Androgen receptor inhibits the activity and sternness of male tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells, while castration combined with anti-PD-L1 treatment restricts tumor growth in male mice. In humans, male CD8(+) T cells have fewer stem cell-like memory cells, and AR expression correlates with CD8(+) T cell exhaustion in cancer patients. These findings provide insights into sex-based immunotherapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.

IMMUNITY (2022)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Sex difference in response to non-small cell lung cancer immunotherapy: an updated meta-analysis

Jiali Liang et al.

Summary: Compared to chemotherapy, immunotherapy can improve the prognosis of patients with advanced NSCLC. The most interesting finding in this study is the significant sex differences in the efficacy of immunotherapy in treating squamous NSCLC.

ANNALS OF MEDICINE (2022)

Article Oncology

Sex disparities in lung cancer survival rates based on screening status

Adriana A. Rodriguez Alvarez et al.

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of lung cancer screening on survival rates between females and males. The study found that unscreened females had a lower risk of mortality and better survival than unscreened males, while there was no significant difference in overall survival between sexes among the screened population.

LUNG CANCER (2022)

Article Veterinary Sciences

Cross Species Analysis and Comparison of Tumors in Dogs and Cats, by Age, Sex, Topography and Main Morphologies. Data from Vet-OncoNet

Katia Pinello et al.

Summary: This study compares the frequencies and associations of tumors in dogs and cats, finding that dogs have higher odds of cancer in the genito-urinary system, spleen, soft tissue tumors, and skin, while cats show higher odds for tumors in the eyes, digestive organs, nasal cavity, lymph nodes, bones, and mammary glands. The study also reveals differences in tumor morphologies, with dogs being more susceptible to mast cell tumors, melanomas, and hemangiosarcomas, while cats are more susceptible to fibrosarcomas, lymphomas, malignant mammary tumors, and squamous cell carcinoma.

VETERINARY SCIENCES (2022)

Review Oncology

Functional Signatures in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Sex-Based Differences in Transcriptomic Studies

Irene Perez-Diez et al.

Summary: The study identified molecular differences in immune response, purinergic signaling, and lipid metabolism between male and female lung adenocarcinoma patients through functional profiling and meta-analysis of expression datasets. These findings could lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets, highlighting the importance of sex-specific analyses in understanding disease variability.

CANCERS (2021)

Article Oncology

Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries

Hyuna Sung et al.

Summary: The global cancer burden in 2020 saw an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths. Female breast cancer surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, while lung cancer remained the leading cause of cancer death. These trends are expected to rise in 2040, with transitioning countries experiencing a larger increase compared to transitioned countries due to demographic changes and risk factors associated with globalization and a growing economy. Efforts to improve cancer prevention measures and provision of cancer care in transitioning countries will be crucial for global cancer control.

CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS (2021)

Article Oncology

Hexavalent TRAIL Fusion Protein Eftozanermin Alfa Optimally Clusters Apoptosis-Inducing TRAIL Receptors to Induce On-Target Antitumor Activity in Solid Tumors

Darren C. Phillips et al.

Summary: This study highlights the activity of a hexavalent TRAIL-receptor agonistic fusion protein in preclinical models of solid tumors, distinguishing it mechanistically from other TRAIL-based therapeutics.

CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

Review Oncology

Vaping and lung cancer - A review of current data and recommendations

Dara Bracken-Clarke et al.

Summary: This review focuses on the potential cancer risk and oncogenic mechanisms of vaping and lung cancer. Results show that e-cigarette devices and vaping fluids contain various oncogens, with some components demonstrating transforming and cytotoxic activity. The significant increase in e-cigarette use, particularly among young people and non-smokers, raises concerns for future public health implications. Further research and tighter regulation of these products are strongly recommended.

LUNG CANCER (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Analyses of nicotine metabolism biomarker genetics stratified by sex in African and European Americans

Meghan J. Chenoweth et al.

Summary: Nicotine metabolism biomarker NMR varies with sex and ancestry, influencing smoking cessation and disease risk. Significant associations were found with CYP2A6 gene on chromosome 19 in different ethnic and gender groups. Further investigation outside of chromosome 19 is needed to improve personalized approaches for smoking cessation and risk prediction for tobacco-related diseases.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Mortality trends over five decades in adult transgender people receiving hormone treatment: a report from the Amsterdam cohort of gender dysphoria

Christel J. M. de Blok et al.

Summary: The study found that transgender individuals undergoing hormone treatment have an increased mortality risk compared to the general population, and this trend has not shown improvement over the past five decades.

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

Article Immunology

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Heterogeneity of Tumor-Associated Macrophage in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Differences Between Sexes

Qi Yang et al.

Summary: This study identified two immune-suppressive TAMs with different functional and metabolic characteristics in the TME of NSCLC. Sex-related differences in TAMs were observed in terms of gene expression, with women-derived TAMs showing stronger immunogenicity and men-derived TAMs being more inclined to be immunosuppressive. The findings suggest potential targets for adjuvant immunotherapy in NSCLC patients.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

Review Oncology

Sex-based differences in response to anti-PD-1 or PD-L1 treatment in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer expressing high PD-L1 levels. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

F. Conforti et al.

Summary: In advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients expressing high PD-L1 levels, the effectiveness of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 monotherapy was significantly greater in men compared to women. This suggests the need for further prospective trials testing sex-based tailored immunotherapy strategies.

ESMO OPEN (2021)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

The microbiome and human cancer

Gregory D. Sepich-Poore et al.

Summary: Microbes play significant roles in cancer, and bacteria, viruses, and fungi are believed to be key actors in cancer immunotherapy. Although the number of microbes known to directly cause carcinogenesis is small, further research is needed to understand the causal relationship between microbes and cancer.

SCIENCE (2021)

Article Oncology

Sex-Based Dimorphism of Anticancer Immune Response and Molecular Mechanisms of Immune Evasion

Fabio Conforti et al.

Summary: This study revealed significant differences in anticancer immune response and immune evasion mechanisms between men and women with NSCLC, with women's tumor microenvironment enriched for various immune cell types and men's showing a T-cell-excluded phenotype.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2021)

Article Oncology

Association Between Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Sex: An Updated Meta-Analysis on 21 Trials and 12,675 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Chongxiang Xue et al.

Summary: Mounting randomized clinical trials have shown that ICIs are more effective than chemotherapy in improving OS and PFS for advanced NSCLC patients. This study explored the association between ICIs efficacy and sexes, finding that there was no difference in efficacy between males and females. Overall, NSCLC patients benefited more from ICIs compared to chemotherapy, regardless of sex.

FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY (2021)

Article Oncology

Lung cancer mortality reduction by LDCT screening-Results from the randomized German LUSI trial

Nikolaus Becker et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER (2020)

Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

ERα, A Key Target for Cancer Therapy: A Review

Yanfang Liu et al.

ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY (2020)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Effects of sex hormones on liver tumor progression and regression in Myc/xmrk double oncogene transgenic zebrafish

Hankun Li et al.

GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY (2019)

Review Oncology

Gender medicine and oncology: report and consensus of an ESMO workshop

A. D. Wagner et al.

ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY (2019)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Tobacco Use Among Transgender and Gender Non-conforming Adults in the United States

Christopher W. Wheldon et al.

TOBACCO USE INSIGHTS (2019)

Review Oncology

A unifying biology of sex steroid-induced apoptosis in prostate and breast cancers

Philipp Y. Maximov et al.

ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER (2018)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors

Bertrand Routy et al.

SCIENCE (2018)

Review Oncology

Interplay between the lung microbiome and lung cancer

Qixing Mao et al.

CANCER LETTERS (2018)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Osimertinib in Untreated EGFR-Mutated Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

J. -C. Soria et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2018)

Review Immunology

Prolactin and Autoimmunity

Vania Vieira Borba et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2018)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Estrogen, Estrogen Receptor and Lung Cancer

Li-Han Hsu et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2017)

Article Oncology

Sex differences in lung cancer survival: long-term trends using population-based cancer registry data in Osaka, Japan

Fukuaki Lee Kinoshita et al.

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2017)

Article Dermatology

Paracrine Activin-A Signaling Promotes Melanoma Growth and Metastasis through Immune Evasion

Prudence Donovan et al.

JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY (2017)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Alectinib versus Crizotinib in Untreated ALK-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Solange Peters et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2017)

Article Cell Biology

Reproductive Hormones and Their Receptors May Affect Lung Cancer

Mengmeng Dou et al.

CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY (2017)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The potential role of leptin in tumor invasion and metastasis

Amitabha Ray et al.

CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS (2017)

Article Oncology

Lung cancer in never smokers in the UK Million Women Study

Kirstin Pirie et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER (2016)

Article Oncology

Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Epidemiology and Genomics of Lung Cancer

Matthew B. Schabath et al.

CANCER CONTROL (2016)

Review Immunology

Sex differences in immune responses

Sabra L. Klein et al.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2016)

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Sex-Related Differences in the Sensitivity to Carcinogenic Effect of Urethane on the Lungs in Mice Are Reversed after Neonatal Androgenization

T. S. Morozkova et al.

BULLETIN OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2015)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Role of estrogen in lung cancer based on the estrogen receptor-epithelial mesenchymal transduction signaling pathways

Xiao-zhen Zhao et al.

ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY (2015)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Human papillomavirus infection and risk of lung cancer in never-smokers and women: an 'adaptive' meta-analysis

Jong-Myon Bae et al.

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND HEALTH (2015)

Article Veterinary Sciences

The Role of Neutering in Cancer Development

Annette N. Smith

VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE (2014)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Sex Differences in the Gut Microbiome Drive Hormone-Dependent Regulation of Autoimmunity

Janet G. M. Markle et al.

SCIENCE (2013)

Article Cell Biology

Gender effect on in vitro lymphocyte subset levels of healthy individuals

Maha Abdullah et al.

CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY (2012)

Article Respiratory System

The role of estrogen, progesterone and aromatase in human non-small-cell lung cancer

Nadiyah Kazmi et al.

LUNG CANCER MANAGEMENT (2012)

Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Epidemiology of Lung Cancer in Women: Risk Factors, Survival, and Screening

Seth Kligerman et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY (2011)

Article Hematology

Activation of the Annexin A1 Pathway Underlies the Protective Effects Exerted by Estrogen in Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

Suchita Nadkarni et al.

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY (2011)

Article Oncology

Molecular Epidemiology of Female Lung Cancer

Seon-Hee Yim et al.

Cancers (2011)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Sex and Gender Differences in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Jessica S. Donington et al.

SEMINARS IN THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY (2011)

Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

The ovary: basic biology and clinical implications

JoAnne S. Richards et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2010)

Review Infectious Diseases

The Xs and Y of immune responses to viral vaccines

Sabra L. Klein et al.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2010)

Article Respiratory System

Lung cancer in women: role of estrogens

Subhankar Chakraborty et al.

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine (2010)

Review Immunology

The X chromosome in immune functions: when a chromosome makes the difference

Claude Libert et al.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2010)

Article Oncology

Targeting Aromatase and Estrogen Signaling in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Diana C. Marquez-Garban et al.

STEROID ENZYMES AND CANCER (2009)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Stronger inflammatory/cytotoxic T-cell response in women identified by microarray analysis

A. Hewagama et al.

GENES AND IMMUNITY (2009)

Article Oncology

Characteristics of menstruation and pregnancy and the risk of lung cancer in women

Anita Koushik et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER (2009)

Article Immunology

Sex differences in the recognition of and innate antiviral responses to Seoul virus in Norway rats

Michele F. Hannah et al.

BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY (2008)

Review Oncology

Emerging ethnic differences in lung cancer therapy

I. Sekine et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER (2008)

Article Veterinary Sciences

Cancer incidence in pet dogs: Findings of the animal tumor registry of Genoa, Italy

D. F. Merlo et al.

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE (2008)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Lung Cancer Occurrence in Never-Smokers: An Analysis of 13 Cohorts and 22 Cancer Registry Studies

Michael J. Thun et al.

PLOS MEDICINE (2008)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Epithelial NF-κB activation promotes urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis

Georgios T. Stathopoulos et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2007)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A genetic mouse model for metastatic lung cancer with gender differences in survival

S. Zheng et al.

ONCOGENE (2007)

Article Physiology

Identification of multiple MAPK-mediated transcription factors regulated by tobacco smoke in airway epithelial cells

Jinming Zhao et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2007)

Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

The complex role of estrogens in inflammation

Rainer H. Straub

ENDOCRINE REVIEWS (2007)

Article Immunology

Progesterone inhibits mature rat dendritic cells in a receptor-mediated fashion

Cherie L. Butts et al.

INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY (2007)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Estrogen receptor signaling pathways in human non-small cell lung cancer

Diana C. Marquez-Garban et al.

STEROIDS (2007)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Increased tumor growth in mice with diet-induced obesity: Impact of ovarian hormones

Shoshana Yakar et al.

ENDOCRINOLOGY (2006)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates TNF production from immune cells to enhance osteoblast and osteoclast formation

Jameel Iqbal et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2006)

Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Estrogen receptors and human disease

BJ Deroo et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2006)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Mechanisms of disease: Estrogen carcinogenesis in breast cancer

JD Yager et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2006)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effect of estrogens on the interferon-gamma producing cell population of mouse splenocytes

M Nakaya et al.

BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY (2006)

Article Oncology

Aromatase inhibitors in human lung cancer therapy

OK Weinberg et al.

CANCER RESEARCH (2005)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

EGF receptor gene mutations are common in lung cancers from never smokers and are associated with sensitivity of tumors to gefitinib and erlotinib

W Pao et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2004)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Gender differences in non-small-cell lung cancer survival: An analysis of 4,618 patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2002

AL Visbal et al.

ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY (2004)

Article Immunology

Augmentation of T cell levels and responses induced by androgen deprivation

AC Roden et al.

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (2004)

Article Oncology

Lung cancer rates in men and women with comparable histories of smoking

C Bain et al.

JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE (2004)

Article Oncology

Hormone replacement therapy and lung cancer risk: A case-control analysis

MB Schabath et al.

CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2004)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Discovery of estrogen receptor a target genes and response elements in breast tumor cells

CY Lin et al.

GENOME BIOLOGY (2004)

Review Respiratory System

Endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes in lung cancer

PJ Mazzone et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN PULMONARY MEDICINE (2003)

Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Normal values of CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte subsets in healthy Indian adults and the effects of sex, age, ethnicity, and smoking

SS Uppal et al.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2003)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Menopausal effects on presentation, treatment, and survival of women with non-small cell lung cancer

KA Moore et al.

ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY (2003)

Article Cell Biology

Gender-dependent expression of alpha and beta estrogen receptors in human nontumor and tumor lung tissue

MJ Fasco et al.

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY (2002)

Article Pathology

Pathology of aging B6;129 mice

DC Haines et al.

TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY (2001)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Are women more sensitive to smoking than men? Findings from the Renfrew and Paisley study

PJ Marang-van de Mheen et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2001)

Review Microbiology

Sex-associated hormones and immunity to protozoan parasites

CW Roberts et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS (2001)