Journal
LANGMUIR
Volume 32, Issue 29, Pages 7265-7276Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01768
Keywords
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Funding
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR MECHANOCAT) [ANR-15-CE29-0015-02]
- International Center for Frontier Research in Chemistry (icFRC)
- Labex Chimie des Systemes Complexes (Labex CSC) [PSC-005]
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS)
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-15-CE29-0015] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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Cells and bacteria use mechanotransduction processes to transform a mechanical force into a chemical/biochemical response. The area of chemistry where chemical reactions are induced by mechanical forces is called mechanochemistry. Over the last few years, chemists developed force-induced reactions affecting covalent bonds in molecules under tension which requires high energy input and/or high intensity forces. In contrast, in nature, mechanotransduction processes take place with forces of much weaker intensity and much less demanding energy. They are mainly based on protein conformational changes or changes in supramacromolecular architectures. Mechanochemistry based on such low-energy-demanding processes and which does not affect chemical bonds can be called soft-mechanochemistry. In this feature article, we first discuss some examples of soft-mechanochemistry processes encountered in nature, in particular, cryptic sites, allowing us to define more precisely the concepts underlying soft-mechanochemistry. A series of examples, developed over the past few years, of chemomechanoresponsive systems based on soft-mechanochemistry principles are given. We describe, in particular, cryptic site surfaces, enzymatically active films whose activity can be modulated by stretching and films where stretching induces changes in their fluorescence properties. Finally, we give our view of the future of soft-mechanochemistry.
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