4.6 Article

Management of Bacterial and Fungal Infections in the ICU: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention Recommendations

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

Understanding how diagnostics influence antimicrobial decision-making is key to successful clinical trial design

Timothy M. Rawson et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2023)

Article Infectious Diseases

Respiratory multiplex PCR and procalcitonin to reduce antibiotic exposure in severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: a multicentre randomized controlled trial

Muriel Fartoukh et al.

Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a strategy combining respiratory multiplex PCR with an enlarged panel and daily procalcitonin measurements in adult patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. The results showed that the mPCR/PCT strategy did not affect antibiotic exposure or major clinical outcomes in severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients, compared to routine practice.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2023)

Article Critical Care Medicine

Effect of therapeutic drug monitoring-based dose optimization of piperacillin/tazobactam on sepsis-related organ dysfunction in patients with sepsis: a randomized controlled trial

Stefan Hagel et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the effect of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)-guided antibiotic therapy in patients with sepsis. The results showed that TDM-guided therapy did not improve the mean Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, but there was a slight improvement in clinical and microbiological cure rates.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2022)

Article Infectious Diseases

Impact of rapid susceptibility testing on antimicrobial therapy and clinical outcomes in Gram-negative bloodstream infections

Vanesa Anton-Vazquez et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the impact of rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing on antimicrobial therapy and clinical outcomes in patients with Gram-negative bloodstream infection. The results showed that rapid susceptibility testing led to faster discontinuation of aminoglycosides and a shorter time to starting effective and optimal antibiotic therapy.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2022)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Impact of environmental hygiene interventions on healthcare-associated infections and patient colonization: a systematic review

Alexandra Peters et al.

Summary: Healthcare-associated infections are a serious threat to patient safety globally, and the importance of hospital environmental hygiene has been revalued in infection prevention and control. Interventions in the healthcare environment have shown a reduction in patient colonization and healthcare-associated infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms, but more high-quality studies are needed for further verification.

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL (2022)

Article Infectious Diseases

Fluconazole-resistant Candida parapsilosis clonally related genotypes: first report proving the presence of endemic isolates harbouring the Y132F ERG11 gene substitution in Spain

Eva Alcoceba et al.

Summary: This study reports the presence of Candida parapsilosis isolates resistant to fluconazole in patients admitted to a Spanish hospital. These isolates carry the Y132F ERG11 gene substitution and are mainly found in catheter and blood culture samples. The resistance is attributed to the endemic spread of multiple resistant genotypes within the hospital, rather than prior azole use.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2022)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Strategies to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections in acute-care hospitals: 2022 Update

Niccolo Buetti et al.

INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY (2022)

Review Microbiology

Tackling the emerging threat of antifungal resistance to human health

Matthew C. Fisher et al.

Summary: This review emphasizes the important threat of invasive fungal infections to public health and the emergence of antifungal resistance. It discusses the main mechanisms of antifungal resistance and compares them with bacterial resistance to antimicrobial control. The review also explores the research and innovation topics needed to minimize the occurrence and impact of antifungal resistance, including environmental links, surveillance, diagnostics, transmission routes, novel therapeutics, and hotspot mitigation strategies. The need for global efforts to manage existing antifungal drugs and direct future research and development of therapies and interventions is highlighted.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

Review Microbiology

COVID-19-associated fungal infections

Martin Hoenigl et al.

Summary: Invasive fungal infections associated with COVID-19 are an important complication, primarily caused by Aspergillus, Mucorales, and Candida species. This review examines the incidence of these fungal infections in different income countries, evaluating their epidemiology, clinical risk factors, and pathogenesis for future research and clinical guidance. Hoenigl and colleagues provide an overview of the epidemiology, immunology, and clinical risk factors of COVID-19-associated fungal infections.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

Editorial Material Critical Care Medicine

Source control in the management of sepsis and septic shock

Jan J. De Waele et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2022)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Association Between Selective Decontamination of the Digestive Tract and In-Hospital Mortality in Intensive Care Unit Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Naomi E. Hammond et al.

Summary: Comparing SDD with standard care in mechanically ventilated adults in the ICU, it was found that SDD is associated with reduced hospital mortality and decreased risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia and ICU-acquired bacteremia.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2022)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Selective Decontamination of the Digestive Tract on Hospital Mortality in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation A Randomized Clinical Trial

John A. Myburgh et al.

Summary: This study investigated whether selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) reduces in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients. The results showed that SDD did not significantly reduce in-hospital mortality compared to standard care, but the confidence interval around the effect estimate includes a certain clinical benefit.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2022)

Review Surgery

Perioperative care bundles for the prevention of surgical-site infections: meta-analysis

Niels Wolfhagen et al.

Summary: Care bundles can effectively prevent surgical-site infections, but their effectiveness varies across different study types. Larger bundles do not necessarily have a larger effect, but the effect may be better if the bundle contains a higher proportion of evidence-based interventions. There is currently no strong evidence for specific characteristics of effective care bundles.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (2022)

Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

Understanding the role of bacterial and fungal infection in COVID-19

Timothy M. Rawson et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2021)

Review Infectious Diseases

Molecular diagnostic methods for pneumonia: how can they be applied in practice?

Solen Kerneis et al.

Summary: Recent studies have shown that rapid multiplex-PCR assays can detect a wide range of respiratory viruses, bacteria, and even antibiotic resistance genes in upper or lower respiratory tract samples. While they have good correlation with gold-standard assays in clinical evaluations, they lack exhaustiveness, especially for hospital-acquired pneumonia.

CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Article Critical Care Medicine

Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2021

Laura Evans et al.

CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2021)

Article Infectious Diseases

The JAID/JSC guidelines for management of infectious diseases 2017-Sepsis and catheter-related bloodstream infection

Soichi Arakawa et al.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2021)

Article Infectious Diseases

Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of rare mould infections: an initiative of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology in cooperation with the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology and the American Society for Microbiology

Martin Hoenigl et al.

Summary: With an increasing number of patients requiring intensive care or being immunosuppressed, infections caused by molds other than Aspergillus spp or Mucorales are on the rise. Antifungal prophylaxis has been effective, but breakthrough infections by other rare molds are also increasing. Regional differences should be considered in providing practical clinical decision guidance.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Review Emergency Medicine

WSES/GAIS/SIS-E/WSIS/AAST global clinical pathways for patients with intra-abdominal infections

Massimo Sartelli et al.

Summary: Intra-abdominal infections are common surgical emergencies that require early recognition and appropriate treatment. International societies have collaborated to create evidence-based clinical pathways for the management of IAIs, aiming to promote global standards of care and provide guidance to clinicians.

WORLD JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY SURGERY (2021)

Review Microbiology

Optimizing antimicrobial use: challenges, advances and opportunities

Timothy M. Rawson et al.

Summary: Precision antimicrobial dosing and novel monitoring methods play a crucial role in improving patient outcomes and combating antimicrobial resistance, as there is significant variability in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial agents. Holmes and colleagues discuss how individualized treatment and biosensors can contribute to antimicrobial stewardship in the face of these challenges.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Early Prediction of Sepsis in the ICU Using Machine Learning: A Systematic Review

Michael Moor et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that machine learning can be used to optimize the early prediction of sepsis, but current approaches have low comparability and reproducibility.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2021)

Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Comparison of early warning scores for sepsis early identification and prediction in the general ward setting

Sean C. Yu et al.

Summary: This study compared the performance of commonly used early warning scores in identifying and predicting sepsis in a general ward setting, finding that National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS 2) had the highest performance. However, all scoring systems were prone to false positives due to the low prevalence of sepsis.

JAMIA OPEN (2021)

Review Microbiology

Drug resistance and tolerance in fungi

Judith Berman et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

Review Microbiology

Innovative and rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems

Alex van Belkum et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

Article Critical Care Medicine

Antimicrobial therapeutic drug monitoring in critically ill adult patients: a Position Paper#

Mohd H. Abdul-Aziz et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2020)

Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

COVID-19 and the potential long-term impact on antimicrobial resistance

Timothy M. Rawson et al.

JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY (2020)

Article Microbiology

Impact of Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing in Gram-Negative Rod Bacteremia: a Quasi-experimental Study

Catherine Anne Hogan et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

Review Infectious Diseases

Risk Factors of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Gang Chen et al.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

Editorial Material Microbiology

Antimicrobial use, drug-resistant infections and COVID-19

Timothy M. Rawson et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

Article Critical Care Medicine

Risk factors for candidemia: a prospective matched case-control study

Julien Poissy et al.

CRITICAL CARE (2020)

Review Infectious Diseases

Resistance of Candida to azoles and echinocandins worldwide

K. E. Pristov et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2019)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Current and Emerging Methods of Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

Zeeshan A. Khan et al.

DIAGNOSTICS (2019)

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Sepsis hysteria: excess hype and unrealistic expectations

Mervyn Singer et al.

LANCET (2019)

Review Microbiology

Developmental roadmap for antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems

Alex van Belkum et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2019)

Article Infectious Diseases

Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia: Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnosis

P. Lewis White et al.

CURRENT FUNGAL INFECTION REPORTS (2019)

Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Exploring the Use of C-Reactive Protein to Estimate the Pharmacodynamics of Vancomycin

Timothy M. Rawson et al.

THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING (2018)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Invasive candidiasis

Peter C. Pappas et al.

NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS (2018)

Correction Respiratory System

South African guideline for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults (vol 9, pg 1469, 2017)

Tom H. Boyles et al.

JOURNAL OF THORACIC DISEASE (2018)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

A Candida auris Outbreak and Its Control in an Intensive Care Setting

David W. Eyre et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2018)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Molecular diagnostics in medical mycology

Brian L. Wickes et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2018)

Review Emergency Medicine

2018 WSES/SIS-E consensus conference: recommendations for the management of skin and soft-tissue infections

Massimo Sartelli et al.

WORLD JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY SURGERY (2018)

Review Health Care Sciences & Services

The effects of care bundles on patient outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Jacqueline F. Lavallee et al.

IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE (2017)

Article Infectious Diseases

The Surgical Infection Society Revised Guidelines on the Management of Intra-Abdominal Infection

John E. Mazuski et al.

SURGICAL INFECTIONS (2017)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Core components for effective infection prevention and control programmes: new WHO evidence-based recommendations

Julie Storr et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL (2017)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predictive Values: Foundations, Pliabilities, and Pitfalls in Research and Practice

Robert Trevethan

FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH (2017)

Article Critical Care Medicine

Continuous versus Intermittent β-Lactam Infusion in Severe Sepsis A Meta-analysis of Individual Patient Data from Randomized Trials

Jason A. Roberts et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2016)

Article Microbiology

Pharmacodynamics of Voriconazole in Children: Further Steps along the Path to True Individualized Therapy

Luc J. Huurneman et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2016)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3)

Mervyn Singer et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2016)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Prolonged administration of β-lactam antibiotics - a comprehensive review and critical appraisal

Michael Osthoff et al.

SWISS MEDICAL WEEKLY (2016)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Risk factors associated with urinary tract infections in intensive care patients

Eng Kiang Lee et al.

INFECTION DISEASE & HEALTH (2016)

Review Oncology

Current understanding in source control management in septic shock patients: a review

Leonel Lagunes et al.

ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2016)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

First hospital outbreak of the globally emerging Candida auris in a European hospital

Silke Schelenz et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL (2016)

Review Microbiology

Emerging Technologies for the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory

Blake W. Buchan et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS (2014)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Strategies to Prevent Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Update

Evelyn Lo et al.

INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY (2014)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

De-escalation of antimicrobial treatment for adults with sepsis, severe sepsis or septic shock

Brenda N. G. Silva et al.

COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS (2013)

Article Immunology

Pathogenesis of Mucormycosis

Ashraf S. Ibrahim et al.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2012)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Daily Sedation Interruption in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients Cared for With a Sedation Protocol A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sangeeta Mehta et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2012)

Review Microbiology

Applications of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in clinical diagnostic microbiology

Antony Croxatto et al.

FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS (2012)

Editorial Material Immunology

Guidelines for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-related Infections

Naomi P. O'Grady et al.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2011)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Intervention to Reduce Transmission of Resistant Bacteria in Intensive Care

W. Charles Huskins et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2011)

Article Immunology

Clinical Implications of Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus, the Netherlands, 2007-2009

Jan W. M. van der Linden et al.

EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2011)

Article Critical Care Medicine

Hand hygiene in the intensive care unit

Sarah Tschudin-Sutter et al.

CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2010)

Article Critical Care Medicine

A European care bundle for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia

Jordi Rello et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2010)

Article Critical Care Medicine

Principles of Source Control in the Management of Sepsis

John C. Marshall et al.

CRITICAL CARE CLINICS (2009)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Screening and isolation for infection control

E. Tacconelli

JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION (2009)

Article Anesthesiology

Risk factors and outcome in ICU-acquired infections

S. Magnason et al.

ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA (2008)

Article Immunology

Measures to control and prevent Clostridium difficile infection

Dale N. Gerding et al.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2008)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

An intervention to decrease catheter-related bloodstream infections in the ICU

Peter Pronovost et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2006)