From Basic Science to Clinical Practice: The Role of Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (CIP2A)/p90 in Cancer

Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), initially reported as a tumor-associated antigen (known as p90), is highly expressed in most solid and hematological tumors. The interaction of CIP2A/p90, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), and c-Myc can hinder the function of PP2A toward c-Myc S62 induction, thus stabilizing c-Myc protein, which represents a potential role of CIP2A/p90 in tumorigeneses such as cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, as well as cancer drug resistance. The signaling pathways and regulation networks of CIP2A/p90 are complex and not yet fully understood. Many previous studies have also demonstrated that CIP2A/p90 can be used as a potential therapeutic cancer target. In addition, the autoantibody against CIP2A/p90 in sera may be used as a promising biomarker in the diagnosis of certain types of cancer. In this Review, we focus on recent advances relating to CIP2A/p90 and their implications for future research.

Automated summary

Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), also known as p90, is highly expressed in various tumors and interacts with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and c-Myc. This interaction hinders PP2A from inducing c-Myc S62 and stabilizes c-Myc protein. CIP2A/p90 plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis, including cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and drug resistance, and has potential as a therapeutic target. Furthermore, autoantibodies against CIP2A/p90 in sera may serve as biomarkers for certain types of cancer diagnosis. This review focuses on recent advances and future research implications of CIP2A/p90.