Local Microstructure and Texture Development during Friction Stir Spot of 5182 Aluminum Alloy

The local microstructure, texture gradient and mechanical properties through the shoulder dimension (10 mm) of upper and lower AA5182 aluminum sheets were investigated using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and Vickers microhardness after friction stir spot welding (FSSW). Based on the microstructural features (mean grain size, grain boundary type and dynamic recrystallization (DRX)), the upper sheet was found to be mainly composed of the stir zone (SZ) and thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) due to the high deformation induced simultaneously by the tool rotation and the shoulder download force, while the SZ, TMAZ, heat-affected zone (HAZ) and base metal (BM) were detected in the lower sheet due to the limited effect of the shoulder on the lower sheet. The texture changes, due to the nature of the deformation, demonstrated a shear-type texture at the SZ to a plane strain compression deformation type texture at the TMAZ and then a recrystallization texture at the HAZ and BM. The microhardness gradually decreased with the increasing distance from the keyhole along the SZ, TMAZ and HAZ regions. Eventually, the microstructure and microhardness evolutions were correlated based on the Hall-Petch relationship.

Automated summary

The microstructure, texture gradient and mechanical properties of upper and lower AA5182 aluminum sheets in friction stir spot welding were investigated using EBSD and Vickers microhardness. The upper sheet mainly consisted of the stir zone and thermomechanically affected zone, while the lower sheet had additional heat-affected and base metal zones. Texture changes from shear-type to recrystallization texture were observed along the different zones. Microhardness decreased gradually with increasing distance from the keyhole. The microstructure and microhardness evolution were correlated based on the Hall-Petch relationship.