Observability of triple top quark signal at future hadron colliders

The Standard Model (SM) cross-sections for the production of single top quarks, top-quark pairs, triple top quarks, and four top quarks at three different center-of-mass energies, i.e. vs = 7, 10, and 14 TeV, at existing particle colliders as well as at future hadron colliders, are studied. A fully kinematic analysis with the optimized preselection cuts along with invariant mass reconstruction of top quarks is performed for triple-top production processes pp?tttW, tttd, and tttb in the presence of the SM background. All three signal processes are forced to decay in fully hadronic mode. The studies are performed for the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) at vs = 14 TeV and for the High-Energy LHC (HE-LHC) at vs = 27 TeV. The signal to background ratio and signal significance of all signal and background processes are estimated for both the scenarios. It is found that the chances of signal observability at the HE-LHC are higher than those at the HL-LHC. PACS numbers: 12.60.Fr, 14.80.Fd

Automated summary

This study investigates the standard model (SM) cross-sections for the production of single top quarks, top-quark pairs, triple top quarks, and four top quarks at different center-of-mass energies (7, 10, and 14 TeV) in existing and future particle colliders. The analysis includes optimized preselection cuts and invariant mass reconstruction for triple-top production processes, with all three signal processes forced to decay in fully hadronic mode. The results show that the chances of signal observability are higher at the High-Energy LHC (HE-LHC) compared to the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC).