Determination of the Homotopy Type of a Morse-Smale Diffeomorphism on an Orientable Surface by a Heteroclinic Intersection

Summary: This paper discusses a class of orientation-preserving Morse-Smale diffeomorphisms on orientable surfaces and proposes a new approach to their classification by associating each diffeomorphism with a graph. The results provide a new perspective on solving the realization problem of homotopy classes on closed orientable surfaces.