Clinical significance of microbiota changes under the influence of psychotropic drugs. An updated narrative review

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Examination of antimicrobial effect of fluoxetine in experimental sepsis model: An in vivo study

Ahsen Cakir et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that fluoxetine has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and the combined treatment with the antibiotic imipenem shows positive synergistic effects in an experimental sepsis model.

JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY (2023)

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Article Psychology, Biological

Outer membrane protein Amuc_1100 of Akkermansia muciniphila alleviates antibiotic-induced anxiety and depression-like behavior in mice

Yan Sun et al.

Summary: Akkermansia muciniphila, present in the mucus layer of the gut, has a significant ameliorative effect on metabolic disorders and emotional memory aspects of enteritis, obesity, depression, and anxiety. Antibiotics disrupt the gut microbial composition, causing imbalances in the gut-brain axis. However, probiotics can protect against behavioral changes caused by gut flora disorders. In this study, A. muciniphila and Amuc_1100 were found to alleviate anxiety and depression-like behavior induced by antibiotic treatment by affecting the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway.

PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR (2023)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Gut microbiome and health: mechanistic insights

Willem M. de Vos et al.

Summary: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating host health and its deviations are linked with various diseases. Understanding the molecular aspects of the gut microbiota's influence on health can lead to the development of novel therapies.

GUT (2022)

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Article Immunology

Analysis of gut microbiota in patients with epilepsy treated with valproate: Results from a three months observational prospective cohort study

Xue Gong et al.

Summary: This study aimed to analyze the fecal microbiota in patients with epilepsy treated with valproate, and found that the composition of gut microbiota changed after three months of treatment and was associated with weight gain and clinical biochemical indexes. This research suggests that gut microbiota may play a role in the mechanism of valproate-induced metabolic disorder.

MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS (2022)

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Article Neurosciences

Exposure to anti-seizure medications impact growth of gut bacterial species and subsequent host response

Zehra Esra Ilhan et al.

Summary: Anti-seizure medications can affect the gut microbiota and have different impacts on the growth of gut bacterial strains. The toxicity of medication ingredients varies and can also affect gut epithelial cells. Gut microbial metabolites may play a role in mediating the interaction between medications and epithelial cells.

NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE (2022)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Lithium carbonate alleviates colon inflammation through modulating gut microbiota and Treg cells in a GPR43-dependent manner

Shengjie Huang et al.

Summary: The study found that lithium carbonate (LC) can regulate gut microbial diversity and composition, and significantly alleviate colon inflammation by activating anti-inflammatory Treg cell responses. The findings of this study may provide a new direction for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Medicinal

A 5-Year Study of Lithium and Valproic Acid Drug Monitoring in Patients with Bipolar Disorders in an Italian Clinical Center

Marco Carli et al.

Summary: This study reports the drug plasma concentrations of lithium and valproic acid in bipolar patients undergoing treatment at an Italian clinical center. Both lithium and valproic acid are commonly used drugs for bipolar disorder, and therapeutic drug monitoring is strongly recommended. The study found that a significant number of patients had subtherapeutic drug concentrations during their treatment, indicating the need for improvement in pharmacological treatments.

PHARMACEUTICALS (2022)

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Article Microbiology

The effects of antidepressants fluoxetine, sertraline, and amitriptyline on the development of antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii

Suna Sibel Gurpinar et al.

Summary: This study investigates the effects of antidepressants on the development of antibiotic resistance in clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. The study found that these antidepressants can increase antibiotic resistance and affect gene expression levels.

ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Immunology

Treatment With Multi-Species Probiotics Changes the Functions, Not the Composition of Gut Microbiota in Postmenopausal Women With Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Mariusz Kaczmarczyk et al.

Summary: Probiotic intervention alters the influence of microbiota on biochemical, physiological, and immunological parameters, but does not affect diversity and taxonomic composition of the microbiota. Baseline microbiota is not a predictor of therapeutic response to a multispecies probiotic.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Psychiatry

The effects of probiotics plus dietary fiber on antipsychotic-induced weight gain: a randomized clinical trial

Jing Huang et al.

Summary: The combination of probiotics and dietary fiber has shown significant efficacy in reducing antipsychotic-induced weight gain. Probiotics plus dietary fiber is superior to probiotics alone or dietary fiber alone in reducing weight, BMI, and total cholesterol. The combination treatment also prevents further deterioration of metabolic disturbances, while probiotics or dietary fiber alone can prevent further weight gain. Furthermore, the combination treatment increases the abundance of microbiota, and higher richness of microbiota is associated with favorable weight loss.

TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY (2022)

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Article Biology

The influence of perceived stress on the human microbiome

Austin T. Almand et al.

Summary: This study aims to explore the relationship between stress and gut microbial populations. The results suggest a potential association between perceived stress and gut microbial composition, but no correlation with biochemical stress was observed. These preliminary findings provide a potential mechanism for gut monitoring and identify targets for downstream modulation.

BMC RESEARCH NOTES (2022)

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Review Clinical Neurology

The role of metformin as a treatment for neuropsychiatric illness

Seetal Dodd et al.

Summary: Advances in psychopharmacology have been slow, necessitating investigation into new therapeutic approaches. Metformin, a widely used hypoglycemic agent, is being studied for its potential use in mental illness treatment beyond diabetes management.

EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Examining the Influence of the Human Gut Microbiota on Cognition and Stress: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Matthew B. Cooke et al.

Summary: The relationship between gut microbiota and cognition, brain function, and stress, anxiety, and depression is examined. Modulation of gut microbiota shows promise in enhancing cognition and emotional well-being.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Gastrointestinal adverse events of metformin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials

Katarzyna Nabrdalik et al.

Summary: Metformin is the first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, but its use may be associated with gastrointestinal adverse events. This study found through meta-analysis that patients treated with metformin have a higher risk of abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea compared to other antidiabetic drugs, and the risk of bloating and diarrhea is higher with immediate-release formulation than with extended-release formulation.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Article Sociology

The Vulnerability-Stress-Model-Holding Up the Construct of the Faulty Individual in the Light of Challenges to the Medical Model of Mental Distress

Elena Demke

Summary: The controversy between the somatic and social nature of mental distress is still present, despite the influence of biopsychosocial and vulnerability-stress models. The vulnerability-stress model, which integrates both individual and environmental factors, has been widely used in scholarly and psychoeducational adaptations. However, a close analysis of the text by Zubin and Spring suggests that this integration may be more rhetoric than argumentative essence, reinforcing a medicalized view on mental distress and diminishing the role of societal factors. This paradoxical combination in psychoeducation turns individual difference into disability.

FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Gut microbiome in schizophrenia and antipsychotic-induced metabolic alterations: a scoping review

Raghunath Singh et al.

Summary: This scoping review examines the role of gut microbiota (GMB) in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) and metabolic alterations associated with antipsychotics (APs). The findings suggest that changes in GMB composition are associated with SCZ pathogenesis and AP-induced metabolic perturbations. Additionally, prebiotic and probiotic formulations show potential therapeutic benefits in improving SCZ symptoms and attenuating AP-induced metabolic alterations.

THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Review Clinical Neurology

The role of metformin as a treatment for neuropsychiatric illness

Seetal Dodd et al.

Summary: Advances in psychopharmacology have been slower compared to other medical disciplines, leading to a need for investigation into novel therapeutic approaches. Metformin, a widely used hypoglycaemic agent, is being studied for potential repurposing in the treatment of mental illness, showing beneficial effects on various neurobiological pathways.

EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Immunology

Gut microbiome in Schizophrenia: Altered functional pathways related to immune modulation and atherosclerotic risk

Tanya T. Nguyen et al.

Summary: There are significant differences in microbial composition and predicted genetic functional potential between patients with schizophrenia and non-psychiatric comparison subjects. Random forests analyses show that the microbiome can differentiate patients with schizophrenia from non-psychiatric comparison subjects with high accuracy using taxa and functional profiles. Furthermore, functional pathways related to metabolic processes and inflammation may play a role in the pathophysiology of the disease and should be further investigated.

BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

Effect of Psychobiotics on Psychometric Tests and Inflammatory Markers in Major Depressive Disorder: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials with Meta-Regression

Agata Misera et al.

Summary: The study found that psychobiotic therapy may alleviate symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), with better effects observed in men. However, specific strains, dosage, or treatment duration cannot be currently recommended.

PHARMACEUTICALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

Antimicrobial Properties of Antidepressants and Antipsychotics-Possibilities and Implications

Marina Caldara et al.

Summary: Research has shown that antidepressants and antipsychotics can inhibit the growth of different yeasts and bacteria, potentially becoming new antimicrobial treatments. Drug repositioning, which involves finding new clinical targets for old drugs, could reduce the cost and speed up the approval timeline for developing new drugs.

PHARMACEUTICALS (2021)

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Review Microbiology

Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and disease

Yong Fan et al.

Summary: The intestinal microbiota plays a significant role in human metabolic health, potentially contributing to the development of common metabolic disorders when dysregulated. Current research is shifting towards cause-and-effect studies and utilizing high-throughput human multi-omics data to identify potential molecular mechanisms behind these associations.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Analysis of gut microbiota and intestinal integrity markers of inpatients with major depressive disorder

Pawel Liskiewicz et al.

Summary: The study found a significant correlation between gut microbiota and the severity of depressive symptoms, but they do not serve as predictors of symptomatic improvement during antidepressant treatment. Intestinal integrity and inflammation markers were associated with the response to treatment and symptom severity in patients with MDD. Additional studies are needed to confirm and expand on these findings.

PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Major Depressive Disorder and gut microbiota - Association not causation. A scoping review

Igor Loniewski et al.

Summary: One promising hypothesis regarding the pathogenesis of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is dysfunction in the gut-brain axis (GBA), particularly related to changes in the gut microbiota. This scoping review summarizes the current research on the relationship between MDD and gut microbiota. The findings suggest that alterations in the microbiota in MDD may be associated with various pathways related to inflammation, neurotransmitter production, and metabolic dysfunction. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms involved and to standardize research methods.

PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Coadministration of metformin prevents olanzapine-induced metabolic dysfunction and regulates the gut-liver axis in rats

Chao Luo et al.

Summary: Metformin prevented olanzapine-induced metabolic dysfunction and regulated the gut microbiota in a dose-dependent manner. The study also showed changes in the gut-liver axis as a potential explanation for how metformin prevents metabolic dysfunction induced by olanzapine.

PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Effects of Probiotic and Selenium Co-supplementation on Clinical and Metabolic Scales in Chronic Schizophrenia: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Hamidreza Jamilian et al.

Summary: The study found that probiotic and selenium co-supplementation had positive effects on general symptoms and metabolic profiles in patients with chronic schizophrenia.

BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Repurposing of escitalopram oxalate and clonazepam in combination with ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim for treatment of multidrug-resistant microorganisms and evaluation of the cleavage capacity of plasmid DNA

Tacieli F. da Rosa et al.

Summary: This study investigated the repurposing of escitalopram oxalate and clonazepam, individually and in combination with antibiotics, to treat multidrug-resistant microorganisms and evaluate their potential chemical nuclease activity. Results showed potential for repurposing these non-antibiotic drugs to treat bacterial infections, but further studies on their mechanisms of action are needed to ensure safe use.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

The Healthy Microbiome-What Is the Definition of a Healthy Gut Microbiome?

Fergus Shanahan et al.

Summary: Defining a healthy microbiome in different populations is crucial, but requires improved profiling technologies and understanding the variations and influences on the microbiome among apparently healthy individuals.

GASTROENTEROLOGY (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Relationships of gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, inflammation, and the gut barrier in Parkinson's disease

Velma T. E. Aho et al.

Summary: This study found that intestinal inflammatory responses and reductions in fecal SCFAs occur in Parkinson's disease (PD), are related to the microbiota and to disease onset, and are not reflected in plasma inflammatory profiles. Some of these relationships are distinct in PD and are sex-dependent. This study revealed potential alterations in microbiota-host interactions and links between earlier PD onset and intestinal inflammatory responses and reduced SCFA levels.

MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Antidepressants fluoxetine and amitriptyline induce alterations in intestinal microbiota and gut microbiome function in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress

Weijie Zhang et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the effects of fluoxetine and amitriptyline on gut microbiota composition and function in a chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression rat model, finding significant alterations caused by both antidepressants on the gut microbiome.

TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Dysbiotic Gut Microbiota and Dysregulation of Cytokine Profile in Children and Teens With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Xia Cao et al.

Summary: Research has shown that individuals with ASD have higher levels of inflammatory cytokines and unique pathogenic gut microbiota. The gut microbiome in individuals with ASD is characterized by reduced levels of beneficial bacteria and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings suggest a link between specific cytokine imbalances and gut microbiota alterations in ASD, providing insight into the induction of aberrant inflammatory mechanisms in the disorder.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Review Biology

Metformin acts on the gut-brain axis to ameliorate antipsychotic- induced metabolic dysfunction

Xiaorong Wang et al.

Summary: Antipsychotic-induced metabolic dysfunction is a global clinical challenge, and metformin may alleviate this issue by modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

BIOSCIENCE TRENDS (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Updated Review and Meta-Analysis of Probiotics for the Treatment of Clinical Depression: Adjunctive vs. Stand-Alone Treatment

Viktoriya L. Nikolova et al.

Summary: This review evaluated the efficacy of probiotics for clinical depression, showing that probiotics are effective in reducing depressive symptoms when used adjunctively with antidepressants, but not as a stand-alone treatment. Potential mechanisms of action may involve increases in BDNF and decreases in CRP levels, but more evidence is needed to support this.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Faecal microbiota transplantation from patients with depression or healthy individuals into rats modulates mood-related behaviour

Julie Kristine Knudsen et al.

Summary: Differences in gut microbiota composition have been observed in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to healthy individuals. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from patients with MDD into rats induced a depressive-like phenotype, with FMT-Healthy rats displaying less depressive-like behavior. Different taxa were found between the FMT-MDD and FMT-Healthy rats, suggesting behavioral and intestinal differences between the two groups.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Contribution of the Gut Microbiome to Drug Disposition, Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Variability

Shirley M. Tsunoda et al.

Summary: The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in health and disease, interacting with drugs to influence metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Understanding the complexities of these interactions is challenging but vital in the era of precision medicine. Incorporating the contribution of the gut microbiome to drug disposition, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics is essential for personalized treatment strategies.

CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Effect of Bifidobacterium on olanzapine-induced body weight and appetite changes in patients with psychosis

Ye Yang et al.

Summary: The study suggests that probiotics may reduce olanzapine-induced weight gain at the early stage of treatment and delay olanzapine-induced appetite increase. However, this difference disappears at 8 and 12 weeks of treatment.

PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Metformin Strongly Affects Gut Microbiome Composition in High-Fat Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mouse Model of Both Sexes

Laila Silamikele et al.

Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on gut microbiome in a high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes mouse model, utilizing shotgun metagenomic sequencing for the first time in mice study. The results showed significant alterations in gut microbiome diversity, composition, and functional implications, with sex-specific differences observed in response to metformin treatment. These findings suggest the importance of including both sexes in future studies focusing on metformin effects on gut microbiome.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

The gut microbiome influences the bioavailability of olanzapine in rats

Sofia Cussotto et al.

Summary: The study found that the oral bioavailability of olanzapine significantly increased in rats with antibiotic-induced depletion of gut microbiota, while the bioavailability of risperidone remained unchanged. Changes in the gut microbiome may influence the pharmacokinetics of olanzapine, with the relative abundance of Alistipes significantly correlated with the AUC of olanzapine.

EBIOMEDICINE (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The outer membrane protein Amuc_1100 of Akkermansia muciniphila alleviates the depression-like behavior of depressed mice induced by chronic stress

Rongrong Cheng et al.

Summary: Amuc_1100 has a good antidepressant effect, which may be achieved through improving gut microbiota, increasing BDNF levels, and inhibiting neuroinflammatory responses.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effects of ketamine in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and in silico interaction with sortase A

Tatiana do Nascimento Paiva Coutinho et al.

Summary: The study focused on the antibacterial effect of ketamine against MRSA strains, its mechanism of action involving alterations in membrane integrity and DNA damage, as well as its affinity for S. aureus sortase A. The results showed significant antibacterial activity of ketamine against MRSA strains, suggesting its potential as an alternative for treating MRSA infections.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Gut Microbiota in Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review

Long Long Chen et al.

Summary: This systematic review examined gut microbiota in psychiatric disorders and found differences in composition between patients and healthy controls, with inconsistent results among studies. At the genus level, higher abundance of Bifidobacterium and lower abundance of Roseburia and Faecalibacterium were the most replicated findings.

PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Gut microbial biomarkers for the treatment response in first-episode, drug-naive schizophrenia: a 24-week follow-up study

Xiuxia Yuan et al.

Summary: The study found that schizophrenia patients have different gut microbiota characteristics compared to healthy controls, and certain microbiota biomarkers may predict treatment response in this patient population.

TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Involvement of Gut Microbiota in Schizophrenia and Treatment Resistance to Antipsychotics

Mirko Manchia et al.

Summary: The study found significant differences in gut microbiota composition between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, as well as variations in response to antipsychotic medications and exposure to different classes of drugs. This suggests that the composition of gut microbiota could serve as a biomarker for schizophrenia and treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

BIOMEDICINES (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Akkermansia muciniphila and environmental enrichment reverse cognitive impairment associated with high-fat high-cholesterol consumption in rats

Sara G. Higarza et al.

Summary: This study explores the impact of environmental enrichment and the administration of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) or Akkermansia muciniphila CIP107961 (AKK) on cognitive dysfunction related to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It was found that AKK and EE were effective in reversing cognitive impairment induced by a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet, with differences in their effects on brain metabolism. Furthermore, AKK and LGG did not significantly alter the intestinal microbiota composition, while EE led to an increase in certain microbial members.

GUT MICROBES (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Chronic opioid use modulates human enteric microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity

Angelica Cruz-Lebron et al.

Summary: Chronic opioid use leads to dysbiosis in the gut microbiome, resulting in compromised intestinal barrier integrity and reduced levels of short-chain fatty acids. The study shows that metabolites produced by Akkermansia muciniphila can modulate intestinal barrier integrity, offering potential therapeutic benefits. Therefore, enhancing the therapeutic potential of A. muciniphila and developing new clinical strategies to normalize the gut microbiome may provide effective treatment for individuals affected by chronic opioid use.

GUT MICROBES (2021)

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Editorial Material Psychiatry

Decoding Microbiome Research for Clinical Psychiatry

Jane A. Foster

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE (2020)

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Review Psychiatry

Neuroinflammation, Gut-Brain Axis and Depression

Alper Evrensel et al.

PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION (2020)

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Article Psychiatry

Gut Microbiome Patterns Associated With Treatment Response in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

Aadil Bharwani et al.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE (2020)

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Review Integrative & Complementary Medicine

The effects of probiotic supplementation on mental health, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Elaheh Amirani et al.

COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES IN MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Synergistic effects of ketamine and azole derivatives on Candida spp. resistance to fluconazole

João Batista de Andrade Neto et al.

Future Microbiology (2020)

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Article Psychiatry

Metformin add-on vs. antipsychotic switch vs. continued antipsychotic treatment plus healthy lifestyle education in overweight or obese youth with severe mental illness: results from the IMPACT trial

Christoph U. Correll et al.

WORLD PSYCHIATRY (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Impact of commonly used drugs on the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota

Arnau Vich Vila et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Thioridazine Is an Efflux Pump Inhibitor in Mycobacterium avium Complex but of Limited Clinical Relevance

Mike Marvin Ruth et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2020)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Interaction between drugs and the gut microbiome

Rinse K. Weersma et al.

GUT (2020)

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Editorial Material Clinical Neurology

Current and Novel Approaches to Mitigate Cardiometabolic Adverse Effects of Second-Generation Antipsychotics

Karolina Skonieczna-Zydecka et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2020)

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Article Psychiatry

Alteration of the gut microbiome in first-episode drug-naive and chronic medicated schizophrenia correlate with regional brain volumes

Xiaoqian Ma et al.

JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH (2020)

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Review Microbiology

Criteria to Qualify Microorganisms as Probiotic in Foods and Dietary Supplements

Sylvie Binda et al.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An anticonvulsive drug, valproic acid (valproate), has effects on the biosynthesis of fatty acids and polyketides in microorganisms

Prapassorn Poolchanuan et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Interleukin-6 Gene Expression Changes after a 4-Week Intake of a Multispecies Probiotic in Major Depressive Disorder-Preliminary Results of the PROVIT Study

Alexandra Reiter et al.

NUTRIENTS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Anti-staphylococcal activity and mode of action of thioridazine photoproducts

Tatiana Tozar et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Unravelling the antimicrobial action of antidepressants on gut commensal microbes

Yasmina Ait Chait et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Effects of a Psychobiotic Supplement on Serum Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Depressive Patients: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial

Nazanin Heidarzadeh-Rad et al.

JOURNAL OF NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY (2020)

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Review Neurosciences

Autism Spectrum Disorder Associated With Gut Microbiota at Immune, Metabolomic, and Neuroactive Level

Enriqueta Garcia-Gutierrez et al.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Antibacterial activity of fluoxetine-loaded starch nanocapsules

Sarah B. F. dos Santos et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Gut Biofactory-Neurocompetent Metabolites within the Gastrointestinal Tract. A Scoping Review

Karolina Skonieczna-Zydecka et al.

NUTRIENTS (2020)

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Article Immunology

Short-Course Treatment With Imipramine Entrapped in Squalene Liposomes Results in Sterile Cure of Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis Induced by Antimony Resistant Leishmania donovani With Increased Efficacy

Sandip Mukherjee et al.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Microbiology

Human gut microbiota/microbiome in health and diseases: a review

Eman Zakaria Gomaa

ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Opioid agonist and antagonist use and the gut microbiota: associations among people in addiction treatment

Rachel E. Gicquelais et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effect of probiotic and prebiotic vs placebo on psychological outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder: A randomized clinical trial

Asma Kazemi et al.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2019)

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Article Neurosciences

Differential effects of psychotropic drugs on microbiome composition and gastrointestinal function

Sofia Cussotto et al.

PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2019)

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Article Immunology

A mechanistic approach to the in-vitro resistance modulating effects of fluoxetine against meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains

Joao Batista de Andrade Neto et al.

MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Probiotic Lactobacillus Plantarum 299v decreases kynurenine concentration and improves cognitive functions in patients with major depression: A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study

Leszek Rudzki et al.

PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY (2019)

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Review Neurosciences

Psychotropics and the Microbiome: a Chamber of Secrets...

Sofia Cussotto et al.

PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2019)

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Review Behavioral Sciences

Stress and the gut microbiota-brain axis

Guadalupe Molina-Torres et al.

BEHAVIOURAL PHARMACOLOGY (2019)

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

The role of short-chain fatty acids in microbiota-gut-brain communication

Boushra Dalile et al.

NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY (2019)

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Article Psychiatry

Antidepressants affect gut microbiota and Ruminococcus flavefaciens is able to abolish their effects on depressive-like behavior

Iva Lukic et al.

TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY (2019)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Fecal Microbiota Analysis in Patients Going through a Depressive Episode during Treatment in a Psychiatric Hospital Setting

Pawel Liskiewicz et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2019)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

The effects of antipsychotic medications on microbiome and weight gain in children and adolescents

Tali Bretler et al.

BMC MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Supplementation with Akkermansia muciniphila in overweight and obese human volunteers: a proof-of-concept exploratory study

Clara Depommier et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide causes cognitive impairment in mice

Jiayi Zhao et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

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Article Microbiology

Chlorpromazine-impregnated catheters as a potential strategy to control biofilm-associated urinary tract infections

Jose J. C. Sidrim et al.

FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY (2019)

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Review Physiology

THE MICROBIOTA-GUT-BRAIN AXIS

John F. Cryan et al.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2019)

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Article Psychiatry

Minocycline alters behavior, microglia and the gut microbiome in a trait-anxiety-dependent manner

Anna K. Schmidtner et al.

TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY (2019)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

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