4.8 Article

Multiphasic value biases in fast-paced decisions

Journal

ELIFE
Volume 12, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

eLIFE SCIENCES PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.67711

Keywords

decision making; sequential sampling models; electroencephalography; Human

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Perceptual decisions are biased toward higher-value options and are influenced by anticipation, detection, and discrimination processes. Motor preparation for higher-value actions begins earlier, providing a starting point advantage, while slower preparation for lower-value actions creates a value-opposed buildup-rate bias. However, this bias is countered by a transient deflection towards the higher-value action during stimulus detection. A neural process model incorporating anticipatory urgency, biased detection, and accumulation of stimulus-discriminating evidence successfully captures both behavior and motor preparation dynamics.
Perceptual decisions are biased toward higher-value options when overall gains can be improved. When stimuli demand immediate reactions, the neurophysiological decision process dynamically evolves through distinct phases of growing anticipation, detection, and discrimination, but how value biases are exerted through these phases remains unknown. Here, by parsing motor preparation dynamics in human electrophysiology, we uncovered a multiphasic pattern of countervailing biases operating in speeded decisions. Anticipatory preparation of higher-value actions began earlier, conferring a 'starting point' advantage at stimulus onset, but the delayed preparation of lower-value actions was steeper, conferring a value-opposed buildup-rate bias. This, in turn, was countered by a transient deflection toward the higher-value action evoked by stimulus detection. A neurally-constrained process model featuring anticipatory urgency, biased detection, and accumulation of growing stimulus-discriminating evidence, successfully captured both behavior and motor preparation dynamics. Thus, an intricate interplay of distinct biasing mechanisms serves to prioritise time-constrained perceptual decisions.

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