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Summary: COVID-19 is associated with increased risks of neurological and psychiatric sequelae. The duration of these risks, their impact on children and adults, and the differences in risk profiles among SARS-CoV-2 variants remain unclear. A 2-year retrospective cohort study analyzed data from electronic health records of COVID-19 patients and found that the risk trajectories differed based on age and outcome. While the risk of mood and anxiety disorders returned to baseline after 1-2 months, the risks of cognitive deficit, dementia, psychotic disorders, and epilepsy or seizures remained increased at the end of the 2-year follow-up period. Children had a more benign overall profile of psychiatric risk but sustained higher risk for certain diagnoses. The findings highlight the importance of understanding the individual and population-level risks of neurological and psychiatric disorders after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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