Nanomaterials for Disease Treatment by Modulating the Pyroptosis Pathway

Pyroptosis differs significantly from apoptosis and cell necrosis as an alternative mode of programmed cell death. Its occurrence is mediated by the gasdermin protein, leading to characteristic outcomes including cell swelling, membrane perforation, and release of cell contents. Research underscores the role of pyroptosis in the etiology and progression of many diseases, making it a focus of research intervention as scientists explore ways to regulate pyroptosis pathways in disease management. Despite numerous reviews detailing the relationship between pyroptosis and disease mechanisms, few delve into recent advancements in nanomaterials as a mechanism for modulating the pyroptosis pathway to mitigate disease effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to fill this gap and elucidate the path for the use of this promising technology in the field of disease treatment. This review article delves into recent developments in nanomaterials for disease management through pyroptosis modulation, details the mechanisms by which drugs interact with pyroptosis pathways, and highlights the promise that nanomaterial research holds in driving forward disease treatment.

Automated summary

Pyroptosis, a distinct mode of programmed cell death, differs significantly from apoptosis and cell necrosis. Mediated by the gasdermin protein, it leads to cellular outcomes such as swelling, membrane perforation, and release of cell contents. Recent research highlights the role of pyroptosis in disease etiology and progression, prompting scientists to explore ways to regulate pyroptosis pathways for disease management. However, there is a lack of research on the recent advancements in nanomaterials for modulating the pyroptosis pathway. This review article fills this gap by discussing the potential of nanomaterials in disease treatment through pyroptosis modulation and highlighting their mechanisms of action.