Recyclable photocatalyst perovskite as a single-electron redox mediator for visible-light-driven photocatalysis gram-scale synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones/thiones in air atmosphere

Based on the Biginelli reaction of & beta;-ketoesters, arylaldehydes, and urea/thiourea, we created a green radical synthesis procedure for 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones/thiones. A single-electron redox mediator was applied to a solution of ethanol in an air environment, at room temperature, and with blue LEDs as a renewable energy source in order to create. The objective of this research is to create a halide perovskite that is widely available, affordable, recyclable, and economically feasible. A factor mentioned in the discussion is that the procedure tolerates a variety of donating and withdrawing functional groups while still offering a very fast rate and excellent yields. The range of yields is quite uniform (86-94%, average: 90.4%), and the range of reaction times is very quick (4-8 min, average: 5.8 min). Furthermore, gram-scale cyclization shows that it is applicable for use in industry. Additionally, CsPbBr3 is quite stable and can be used six times in a row without experiencing significant structural changes or activity loss, which has been extremely helpful in meeting industrial needs and environmental issues.

Automated summary

A green radical synthesis procedure for 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones/thiones was developed based on the Biginelli reaction. The procedure utilized a single-electron redox mediator, ethanol, an air environment, and blue LEDs as a renewable energy source. The research aimed to create a widely available, affordable, recyclable, and economically feasible halide perovskite. The procedure exhibited a high tolerance for various functional groups, fast reaction rate, excellent yields, and stability of the product.