Exchange biased surface acoustic wave magnetic field sensors

Magnetoelastic composites which use surface acoustic waves show great potential as sensors of low frequency and very low amplitude magnetic fields. While these sensors already provide adequate frequency bandwidth for most applications, their detectability has found its limitation in the low frequency noise generated by the magnetoelastic film. Amongst other contributions, this noise is closely connected to domain wall activity evoked by the strain from the acoustic waves propagating through the film. A successful method to reduce the presence of domain walls is to couple the ferromagnetic material with an antiferromagnetic material across their interface and therefore induce an exchange bias. In this work we demonstrate the application of a top pinning exchange bias stack consisting of ferromagnetic layers of (Fe90Co10)(78)Si12B10 and Ni81Fe19 coupled to an antiferromagnetic Mn80Ir20 layer. Stray field closure and hence prevention of magnetic edge domain formation is achieved by an antiparallel biasing of two consecutive exchange bias stacks. The set antiparallel alignment of magnetization provides single domain states over the complete films. This results in a reduction of magnetic phase noise and therefore provides limits of detection as low as 28 pT/Hz(1/2) at 10 Hz and 10 pT/Hz(1/2) at 100 Hz.

Automated summary

Magnetoelastic composites using surface acoustic waves have potential as low frequency, low amplitude magnetic field sensors. However, detectability is limited by low frequency noise generated by the magnetoelastic film. In this study, a top pinning exchange bias stack was used to reduce the presence of domain walls, resulting in a reduction of magnetic phase noise and detection limits as low as 28 pT/Hz(1/2) at 10 Hz and 10 pT/Hz(1/2) at 100 Hz.