Risk Factors for Osteoporosis among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Do We Already Know Everything?

Introduction: There are many known risk factors for osteoporosis (OST) among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), one of which is physical activity. Material and methods: The aim of the study is to assess the frequency and risk factors of OST among 232 patients with IBD compared to a group of 199 patients without IBD. The participants underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, laboratory tests, and completed a questionnaire about their physical activity. Results: It was found that 7.3% of IBD patients suffered from OST. Male gender, ulcerative colitis, extensive inflammation in the intestine, exacerbation of disease, rare physical activity, other forms of physical activity, past fractures, lower levels of osteocalcin, and higher levels of C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen were risk factors for OST. As many as 70.6% of OST patients were rarely physically active. Conclusions: OST is a common problem in IBD patients. OST risk factors differ significantly between the general population and those with IBD. Modifiable factors can be influenced by patients and by physicians. The key to OST prophylaxis may be regular physical activity, which should be recommended in clinical remission. It may also prove valuable to use markers of bone turnover in diagnostics, which may enable decisions regarding therapy.

Automated summary

This study assessed the frequency and risk factors of osteoporosis (OST) among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared to a group without IBD. It found that 7.3% of IBD patients suffered from OST. Factors such as male gender, ulcerative colitis, rare physical activity, past fractures, and abnormal levels of certain biomarkers were identified as risk factors for OST in IBD patients. The study highlights the importance of regular physical activity and the use of biomarkers in diagnosing and managing OST in IBD patients.