Yellow fever virus, a mosquito-borne flavivirus posing high public health concerns and imminent threats to travellers - an update

Article Microbiology

Genotype-specific features reduce the susceptibility of South American yellow fever virus strains to vaccine-induced antibodies

Denise Haslwanter et al.

Summary: The reduced sensitivity of an emergent Brazilian strain of yellow fever virus to antibodies induced by current vaccines calls for a reevaluation of immunological surveillance and suggests the need for updating vaccines in South America.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2022)

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Article Immunology

Yellow Fever: Origin, Epidemiology, Preventive Strategies and Future Prospects

Elena Gianchecchi et al.

Summary: Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, yellow fever virus remains a major threat in low resource countries in South America and Africa. Factors such as globalization, population growth, urbanization, inadequate public health infrastructure, and climate change contribute to the spread of the virus to mosquito-infested tropical and subtropical areas. In addition to surveillance, routine immunization, vaccination campaigns, and innovative mosquito control technologies are urgently needed to minimize the risk of new outbreaks and the global burden of yellow fever in the future.

VACCINES (2022)

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Article Biology

Yellow fever surveillance suggests zoonotic and anthroponotic emergent potential

Alisa Aliaga-Samanez et al.

Summary: Yellow fever is a disease transmitted by mosquitoes, and in recent years, infections have occurred in areas where it was previously absent, possibly due to the rapid spread of mosquito vectors and the evolutionary dynamics of the virus in non-human primates. The study identifies the Amazon basin and southern Brazil in South America, as well as the western region of Africa, as areas with significant yellow fever transmission. It highlights the importance of monitoring yellow fever infections in primates in these regions.

COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Infectious Diseases

The incidence and mortality of yellow fever in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Akuoma U. Nwaiwu et al.

Summary: The study found that the incidence rate of yellow fever in Africa is relatively stable, but there is a large variation in mortality rates among different countries. Standardized demographic health surveys and surveillance, as well as accurate diagnostic measures, are essential for early recognition, treatment and control of yellow fever.

BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Yellow fever in Asia-a risk analysis

Bethan Cracknell Daniels et al.

Summary: This study quantified the risk of yellow fever introduction into Asia via air travel using international flight data and YF incidence estimates from 2016. The results showed that out of 25 cities in Asia, there was a risk of at least one YF viraemic traveler introduction, but the probability of autochthonous transmission was less than 50% in all cities in 2016 due to limited introductions.

JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Infectious Diseases

The interplay between environmental factors, vector competence and vaccine immunodynamics as possible explanation of the 2019 yellow fever re-emergence in Nigeria

I. N. Abdullahi et al.

Summary: Yellow fever outbreaks occurred sporadically in Nigeria in 2019, starting in the northern region. Controlling Aedes mosquitoes and vaccination are key prevention methods, while vectorial migration, immunization failure, and genetic modification of the virus may contribute to the re-emergence of the disease. This article reviews the factors influencing yellow fever infections to better understand the risk of living in or traveling to endemic areas.

NEW MICROBES AND NEW INFECTIONS (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases